A trapping principle and convergence result for finite element approximate solutions of steady reaction/diffusion systems

convergence existence of solutions Galerkin method mixed boundary conditions non-obtuseness condition nonlinear reaction-diffusion system piecewise linear finite elements

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Nonlinear boundary value problems for linear elliptic equations (35J65) Stability and convergence of numerical methods for boundary value problems involving PDEs (65N12) Finite element, Rayleigh-Ritz and Galerkin methods for boundary value problems involving PDEs (65N30)

Review text

The author considers for \({\mathbf u}=(u_1,\ldots,u_m)^t\) the nonlinear steady state system \[ \nabla \cdot p_k(\vec{x},{\mathbf u}) \nabla u_k = f_k(\vec{x},{\mathbf u}), \quad k=1,\dots,m, \] in a convex polyhedral domain \(\Omega \subset \mathbb{R}^{N}\) subject to mixed Dirichlet-Neumann boundary conditions \[ {\mathbf u-\hat{u}}=0 \text{ on } \Sigma_D, \quad \frac{\partial {\mathbf u}}{\partial \nu}=0 \text{ on } \Sigma_N, \] where \(\Sigma_D\) is a nonempty relatively open portion of the boundary \(\partial \Omega\) and \(\Sigma_N=\partial \Omega \backslash \Sigma_D\). The function \({\mathbf f}=(f_1,\ldots,f_m)^t\) is assumed to be outward pointing on the trapping region boundary. For the quasi-uniform simplicial decomposition of \(\Omega\) the non-obtuseness (rather than acuteness) condition is required. It states that the inward normals, associated with an arbitrary pair of element's faces, determine an angle with nonpositive cosine. As a consequence, all off-diagonal elements of the stiffness matrix are nonpositive. Also the stiffness matrix is supposed to be irreducible. In the main theorem the existence of a weak solution \({\mathbf u}\) of the given problem is proved via the weak convergence in \((H^1(\Omega))^m\) of a subsequence of finite element approximations. This subsequence is also strongly convergent in \((L^2(\Omega))^m\). The uniqueness of solutions is not assumed neither proved.

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