Some sharp Hölder estimates for two-dimensional elliptic equations
The author considers the Beltrami equation \[ \overline\partial f=\mu\partial f+ \nu\overline\partial f\tag{9} \] in an open and bounded set \(\Omega\subset\mathbb{R}^2\), where \(\mu,\nu\in L^\infty(\Omega,\mathbb{C})\) satisfy \(|\mu|+|\nu|\leq k< 1\) a.e. in \(\Omega\). The main result is: Theorem 4. Let \(f\in W^{1,2}_{\text{loc}}(\Omega,\mathbb{C})\) satisfy the Beltrami equation (9) with \({\mathfrak I}(\nu)= 0\). Then \(f\) is \(\alpha\)-Hölder continuous with \(\alpha\geq\beta(\mu, \nu)\), where \(\beta(\mu,\nu)\) is defined by \[ \begin{multlined} \beta(\mu,\nu)^{-1}= \sup_{S_p(x)\subset\Omega}\;\underset{\phi\in{\mathcal B}_{x, p}}{}{\text{inf}} \sqrt{{\sup\varphi\over \text{inf\,}\psi}}\cdot\\ \Biggl\{{1\over |S_\rho(x)|} \int_{S_p(x)} \sqrt{{\psi\over\varphi}} {|1-\overline n^2\mu|^2- \nu^2\over \sqrt{1-(|\mu|+ \nu)^2} \sqrt{1- (|\mu|- \nu)^2}}\,d\sigma\times\\ \Biggl[{4\over\pi}\arctan \Biggl({\text{inf}_{S_\rho(x)}{(1- \nu)^2- |\mu|^2\over (1+\nu)^2- |\mu|^2} {1\over \varphi\psi}\over \sup_{S_\rho(x)} {(1-\nu)^2- |\mu|^2\over (1+\nu)^2- |\mu|^2}{1\over \varphi\psi}}\Biggr)^{{1\over 4}}\Biggr]^{-1}\Biggr\},\end{multlined} \] where \(B_{x,\rho}\) denotes the set of positive functions in \(L^\infty(S_\rho(x))\) which are bounded from above and below, and where \(n\) denotes the complex number corresponding to the outer unit normal of \(S_\rho(x)\). This estimate is sharp, in the sense that it is attained for suilable choices of \(\mu\) and \(f\).
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