Algebraic cycles on the relative symmetric powers and on the relative Jacobian of a family of curves. I
Let \({\mathcal C}/S\) be a family of smooth projective curves over a smooth quasiprojective base \(S\), and let \(\text{CH}^*({\mathcal C}^{[\cdot]})= \bigoplus_{N\geq 0} \text{CH}^*({\mathcal C}^{[N]})\), the direct sum of the Chow groups of the \(N\)th relative symmetric power \({\mathcal C}^{[N]}\) of \({\mathcal C}\) over \(S\). Let \({\mathcal D}= \mathbb{Z}[t,d/dt]\) be the algebra of differential operators on the line, and let \({\mathcal D}_h\) denote the subalgebra of \({\mathcal D}\otimes\mathbb{Z}[h]\) generated over \(\mathbb{Z}[h]\) by \(t\) and \(h\cdot d/dt\). Let \({\mathcal D}(\text{CH}^*({\mathcal C}),K)={\mathcal D}_h\otimes_{\mathbb{Z}[h]}\text{CH}^*({\mathcal C})\), where \(K\in \text{CH}^1({\mathcal C})\) is the relative canonical class and the homomorphism \(\mathbb{Z}[h]\to\text{CH}^*({\mathcal C})\) sends \(h\) to \(K\). Let \(\mathbb{P}_{m,k}(a)= t^m(h\cdot d/dt)^k\otimes a\in{\mathcal D}(\text{CH}^*({\mathcal C}),K)\) for any \(a\in\text{CH}^*({\mathcal C})\). The main result of this paper constructs a \(\text{CH}^*(S)\)-linear action of \({\mathcal D}(\text{CH}^*({\mathcal C}),K)\) on \(\text{CH}^*({\mathcal C}^{[\cdot]})\). This is given through the map \(\mathbb{P}_{m,k}(a)\to P_{m,k}(a)\), where the operator \(P_{m,k}(a)\) on \(\text{CH}^*({\mathcal C}^{[\cdot]})\) is defined by the formula \(P_{m,k}(a)(x)=(s_{m,N-k+ m})*(p^*_1 a\cdot s^*_{k,N}x)\) for \(x\in \text{CH}^*({\mathcal C}^{[N]})\). (Here the morphism \(s_{m,N}: {\mathcal C}\times_S{\mathcal C}^{[N- m]}\to{\mathcal C}^{[N]}\) is defined by \(s_{m,N}(p, D)= mp+ D\) for any \((p, D)\in{\mathcal C}_5\times{\mathcal C}^{[N-m]}_s\).) As an application, the author shows that in the case of a single curve \(C\), this action induces a \(\mathbb{Z}\)-form of a Lefschetz \(\text{sl}_2\)-action on \(\text{CH}^*({\mathcal C}^{[N]})\).
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