A connection between the moment problem and the subnormal completion problem
Moment problems and interpolation problems in the complex plane (30E05) Moment problems (44A60) Linear operator methods in interpolation, moment and extension problems (47A57) Subnormal operators, hyponormal operators, etc. (47B20) Linear operators on special spaces (weighted shifts, operators on sequence spaces, etc.) (47B37)
Let \(\gamma=\{\gamma_{ij}\}_{0\leq i+j\leq 2n}\) be a given doubly indexed finite sequence of complex numbers with \(\gamma_{00}>0\) and \(\gamma_{ji}=\overline{\gamma_{ij}}\). Using the lexicographic-functional ordering \[ 1,\;Z,\;\bar{Z},\;Z^2,\;\bar{Z}Z,\;\bar{Z}^2,\;Z^3,\;\bar{Z}Z^2,\;\bar{Z}^2Z,\;\bar{Z}^3,\dots,Z^n,\dots,\bar{Z}^n \] for its successive rows and columns, the moment matrix \(M(n)\equiv M(n)(\gamma)\) corresponding to the truncated moment problem associated to \(\gamma\) (TMP(\(\gamma\))) is defined by the entries \(M(n)_{(k,l)(i,j)}=\gamma_{i+l,j+k}\) on row \(\bar{Z}^kZ^l\) and column \(\bar{Z}^iZ^j\). Given a finite sequence \(\alpha: \alpha_0,\dots,\alpha_n\) (\(n\geq 0\)) of positive real numbers and \(\gamma: \gamma_{ij}=\delta_{ij}\gamma_i\) (\(0\leq i+j\leq 2n\)), where \(\gamma_0:=1\) and \(\gamma_i:=\alpha_0^2\alpha_1^2\dots\alpha_{i-1}^2\) (\(i\geq 1\)), the author provides connections between TMP(\(\gamma\)) and the subnormal completion problem for unilateral weighted shifts associated to \(\alpha\) (SCP(\(\alpha\))). More precisely, he proves that the condition \(M(n+1)(\gamma)>0\) is sufficient to ensure that \(\gamma\) has a representing measure (TMP(\(\gamma\)) has a solution). It is also shown that, under the invertibility of \(M(n+1)(\gamma)\), \(\alpha\) has a subnormal completion (SCP(\(\gamma\)) has a solution) if and only if \(M(n+1)(\gamma)\geq 0\) if and only if \(\gamma\) has a representing measure. The main ingredient used in the proofs is the subnormal completion criterion of \textit{R.\,Curto} and \textit{L.\,Fialkow} [Integral Equations Oper.\ Theory 17, No.\,2, 202--246 (1993; Zbl 0804.47028)].
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