Weakly complete axiomatization of exogenous quantum propositional logic

Other nonclassical logic (03B60) Logical foundations of quantum mechanics; quantum logic (quantum-theoretic aspects) (81P10) Quantum computation (81P68)

Abstract: A weakly complete finitary axiomatization for EQPL (exogenous quantum propositional logic) is presented. The proof is carried out using a non trivial extension of the Fagin-Halpern-Megiddo technique together with three Henkin style completions.

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This paper apparently builds on earlier work by the same authors who have already proposed ``a new logic (EQPL -- exogenous quantum propositional logic) for modelling and reasoning about quantum systems, embodying all that is stated in the postulates of quantum physics (p. 771). The logic was designed ``from the semantics upwards starting with the key idea of adopting superpositions of classical models as the models of the proposed quantum logic (ibid.). So in contrast to ``quantum logic in the tradition of von Neumann and Birkhoff, where the lattice operations of Hilbert Space generate new quantum propositional connectives, here classical logic is extended by valuation structures that are derived from ``a finitary Hilbert calculus for EQPL (p. 772). At heart is the notion that unit vectors \(|\Psi\rangle\) representing quantum states are acted on by classical valuations \(v\) to produce ``logical amplitudes of \(|\Psi\rangle\) for \(v\) given by the inner product of \(v\) and \(|\Psi\rangle\). Section 2, ``Key design ideas, gives a clear informal discussion of the ``quantum postulates derived from Hilbert space, and uses this discussion to introduce key features of the semantics. By loose analogy with Kripke methods, valuations of EQPL are derived from a ``quantum intepretation structure \(w = (V,S,|\Psi\rangle,v)\). \(V\) contains ``admissable classical valuations, \(S\) is a finite partition over \(V\), \(|\Psi\rangle\) is a quantum state, i.e., a unit vector of the Hilbert space, and \(v\) is a mapping defined so as to provide the means for interpreting amplitude terms, ``even when they are physically undefined, avoiding the need for ``partial interpretation structures (p. 775). A finite probability space is then associated with each such interpretation structure in a way that allows probabilities to be assigned in a given quantum state, to the truth of classical propositions (p. 776). The structures introduced informally in Section 2 are elaborated and developed in Part 3, ``Language and semantics. Unfortunately the symbolism may be unfamiliar to traditional logicians, who would have been helped by a few key definitions. Part 4, ``Axiomatisation, introduces the notion of quantum tautology and provides a finitary axiomatisation of the computational logic using two rules and fifteen axiom schemas, including an analytical oracle. Finally in Part 5 the proof of bounded weak completeness is presented ``using a non-trivial extension of the Fagin-Halpern-Megiddo technique together with three Henkin like completions (p. 791).

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