Estimates for the derivatives of the Poisson kernel on nilpotent meta-abelian groups

Abstract: Let

S

be a semi direct product

S = N t i m e s A

where

N

is a connected and simply connected, non-abelian, nilpotent meta-abelian Lie group and

A

is isomorphic with

R^{k},

k > 1.

We consider a class of second order left-invariant differential operators on

S

of the form

m a t h c a l L_{a} l p h a = L^{a} + D e l t a_{a} l p h a,

where

a l p h a i n R^{k},

and for each

a i n R^{k},

L^{a}

is left-invariant second order differential operator on

N

and

D e l t a_{a} l p h a = D e l t a - < a l p h a, a b l a >,

where

D e l t a

is the usual Laplacian on

R^{k} .

Using some probabilistic techniques (e.g., skew-product formulas for diffusions on

S

and

N

respectively) we obtain an upper bound for the Poisson kernel for

m a t h c a l L_{a} l p h a .

We also give an upper estimate for the transition probabilities of the evolution on

N

generated by

L^{s i g m a (t)},

where

s i g m a

is a continuous function from

[0, i n f t y)

to

R^{k} .

Review text

Consider a semidirect product \(N=M\times|V\), where \(M,V\) are abelian Lie groups with the corresponding Lie algebras \(\mathfrak{m}\) and \(\mathfrak{v}\). There are bases \(\{X_1,\dots,X_m\}\) in \(\mathfrak{m}\) and \(\{Y_1,\dots, Y_n\}\) in \(\mathfrak{v}\) such that \(\{X_1,\dots, X_m, Y_1,\dots , Y_n\}\) forms a Jordan-Hölder basis for the Lie algebra \(\mathfrak{n}\) of \(N\) which diagonalizes the \(ad_{\mathfrak{a}}\) action on \(\mathfrak{N}\), where \(\mathfrak{a}\) is the Lie algebra of a Lie group \(A\) which is isomorphic to \(\mathbb{R}^{K,L}\). In the present paper the authors study the left invariant differential operator \[ \mathcal{L}_\alpha =\Delta_\alpha +\sum_{j=1}^me^{2\xi_j(\alpha)} X^2_j+\sum_{j=1}^ne^{2\theta_j(\alpha)} Y^2_j, \] where \(\alpha =(\alpha_1,\dots,\alpha_k)\in \mathbb{R}^k\) and \[ \Delta_\alpha= \sum_{i=1}^k(\partial^2_{\alpha_i}-2\alpha_i\partial _{\alpha_i}). \] They study the situations where there exists a Poisson kernel \(\nu\) for \(\mathcal{L}_\alpha\). For \(I=(i_1,\dots, i_m)\in (\mathbb{N}\cup \{0\})^m\), let \(X^I=\prod_{j=1}^m X_i^{i_j}\), thought of as an element of the universal enveloping algebra \(\mathfrak{U}(\mathfrak{m})\). The element \(Y^J\in \mathfrak{U}(\mathfrak{v})\) is defined in a similar way. The authors obtain growth estimates for the functions \(X^IY^J\nu (z),\;z\in N\), for general multi-indices \(I,J\). The main result of the paper is Theorem 1.1 , giving an estimate for \(|X^IY^Jn(aza^{-1})|\).

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