Commutativity and ideals in algebraic crossed products.
In this article a crossed product \(A\times^\sigma_\alpha G\) is defined where \(A\) is a ring, \(G\) is a group and \(\sigma\colon G\to\Aut(A)\) and \(\alpha\colon G\times G\to U(A)\) are maps which satisfy special conditions. Commutant, ideals, intersections and zero divisors are investigated. The main results of the paper are the following: Theorem 1. The commutant of \(\widetilde A\) in \(A\times^\sigma_\alpha G\) is \[ \text{Comm}(\widetilde A)=\Bigl\{\sum_{s\in G}r_s\overline s\in A\times_\alpha^\sigma G\mid r_s\sigma_s(a)=ar_s,\quad\forall a\in A,\;s\in G\Bigr\}. \] Theorem 2. If \(A\) is commutative, then \(I\cap\text{Comm}(\widetilde A)\neq\{0\}\) for every non-zero two-sided ideal \(I\) in \(A\times^\sigma_\alpha G\). Theorem 3. Let \(\sigma\colon G\to\Aut(A)\) be a group homomorphism and \(N\) be a normal subgroup of \(G\), contained in \(\sigma^{-1}(\text{id}_A)=\{g\in G\mid\sigma_g=\text{id}_A\}\). Let \(\varphi\colon G\to G/N\) be the quotient group homomorphism and suppose that \(\alpha\) is such that \(\alpha(s,t)=1_A\) whenever \(s\in N\) or \(t\in N\). Furthermore, suppose that there exists a map \(\beta\colon G/N\times G/N\to U(A)\) such that \(\beta(\varphi(s),\varphi(t))=\alpha(s,t)\) for each \((s,t)\in G\times G\). If \(I\) is an ideal in \(A\times^\sigma_\alpha G\) generated by an element \(\sum_{s\in N}a_s\overline s\) for which the coefficients (of which all but finitely many are zero) satisfy \(\sum_{s\in N}a_s=0_A\), then \(I\cap\widetilde A=\{0\}\). Theorem 4. If \(A\) is an integral domain, \(G\) is an Abelian group and \(\alpha\equiv 1_A\), then the following implication holds: (i) \(I\cap\widetilde A\neq\{0\}\), for every non-zero two-sided ideal \(I\) in \(A\times^\sigma_\alpha G\) \(\Rightarrow\) (ii) \(\widetilde A\) is a maximal commutative subring in \(A\times^\sigma_\alpha G\). Theorem 5. If \(A\) is commutative, then the following implication holds: \(I\cap(\widetilde A\setminus\widetilde D)\neq\emptyset\), for every non-zero two-sided ideal \(I\) in \(A\times^\sigma_\alpha G\) \(\Rightarrow\) \(D\cap A^G=\{0_A\}\), i.e. the only zero-divisor that is fixed under all automorphisms is \(0_A\).
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