Derivation of the Euler equations from quantum dynamics

DOI10.1007/S00220-003-0980-8MaRDI QIDQ2567482zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Bruno Nachtergaele, Horng-Tzer Yau

Publication date 5 October 2005

Published in Communications in Mathematical Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/math-ph/0209027

zbMATH Keywords

entropy inequalityEuler equationfermionsGibbs statehydrodynamical limitslarge deviatonslocal ergodicityquantum many-body dynamicsrelative entropySchrödinger equationthermodynamicsvirial theorem

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Entropy and other invariants, isomorphism, classification in ergodic theory (37A35) Large deviations (60F10) Many-body theory; quantum Hall effect (81V70) Quantum dynamics and nonequilibrium statistical mechanics (general) (82C10)

Abstract: We derive the Euler equations from quantum dynamics for a class of fermionic many-body systems. We make two types of assumptions. The first type are physical assumptions on the solution of the Euler equations for the given initial data. The second type are a number of reasonable conjectures on the statistical mechanics and dynamics of the Fermion Hamiltonian.

Review text

Euler equations are derived from the microscopic quantum dynamics of many-body fermion systems with short-range interactions, by extending the relative entropy method [\textit{H.-T. Yau}, Lett. Math. Phys. 22, No.~1, 63--80 (1991; Zbl 0725.60120)] to the quantum case. Suitable scaling limits are investigated under a number of assumptions upon admissible solutions of the Euler equations and the fermion system Hamiltonian (quantum dynamics), like e.g. one-phase regime, high-momentum cutoff, non-implosion and ergodicity demands. The major result is contained in Theorem 2.1 and is expected to allow for a generalization to bosons with super-stable interactions. The proof contains more than the convergence to the Euler equation. It is shown that the local equilibrium Gibbs state, arising through the Eulerian evolution, actually approximately solves the many-body Schrödinger equation. This is controlled by the relative entropy estimate. Although the main goal of the paper was to derive Euler equations from the quantum dynamics, the employed relative entropy method explicitly constructs an approximate solution of Euler equations as a leading (scaling) contribution to the underlying many-body quantum dynamics. Therefore, by examining properties the (classical) Euler dynamics, one gets a direct access to certain manifestations of the many-body Schrödinger dynamics.

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