Holomorphic maps of Riemann surfaces and Weierstrass points
The existence of a map of a hyperelliptic Riemann surface to a Riemann surface \(X\) assures that the image surface \(Y\) is hyperelliptic. If an automorphism of a hyperelliptic Riemann surface fixes each of the Weierstrass points, then the automorphism is either the identity map or the hyperelliptic involution \(\tau\). Based on these facts the author considers the followings: Theorem 1. Let \(h_{1},h_{2}\) be non-constant holomorphic maps of \(X\) to \(Y\). If \(h_1(\mathrm{P})=h_2(\mathrm{P})\) for each Weierstrass point P of \(X\), then \(h_1=h_2\) or \(h_1=h_2\circ \tau B\)! Theorem 2. If \(h_1\) and \(h_2\) induce the same homomorphism \(H_1(X,Z_2)\rightarrow H_1(Y,Z_2)\), then \(h_1=h_2\) or \(h_1=h_2\circ \tau B\)! In the case that the target surfaces may be different, he considers the \(W\)-condition: Let \(h_1,h_2\) be non-constant holomorphic maps of \(X\) to \(Y_{1},Y_{2}\) with the same genus. If after proper ordering of Weierstrass points \(p_{j}^{i}\) on \(Y_{i}\) it holds set-theoretically that \[ W \cap h_{1}^{-1}(p_{j}^{1})=W \cap h_{2}^{-1}(p_{j}^{2}) \] then \(h_1\) and \(h_2\) are said to satisfy the \(W\)-condition, where \(W\) denotes the set of Weierstrass points. Then he proves Theorem 3. Let \(X\) be hyperelliptic surface, and \(h_{i}\) be non-constant holomorphic maps of \(X\) to \(Y_{i}\,(i=1,2)\) of the same genus \(\gamma >4\). Each \(h_{i}\) is unramified and satisfies the \(W\)-condition, then there exists such a conformal map \(S: Y_{1} \to Y_{2}\) as \(S\circ h_{1}=h_{2}\). Theorem 4. Under the same condition as Theorem 3, if each \(h_{i}\) is unramified and the induced homomorphisms \(h_{i\ast 2}:H_{1}(X,Z_{2})\to H_{1}(Y_{i},Z_{2})\) are isomorphic, then there exists such a conformal map \(S: Y_{1} \to Y_{2}\) as \(S\circ h_{1}=h_{2}\). The example is given which shows that Theorem 3 and Theorem 4 do not hold when \(h_{i}\) are ramified.
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- Hurwitz' theorem and a genararization for holomorphic maps of closed Riemann surfaces
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