Nonextensive statistical mechanics: a brief introduction

DOI10.1007/S00161-004-0174-4zbMATH Open1116.82314arXivcond-mat/0305606OpenAlexW3105728159MaRDI QIDQ2575274FDOQ2575274

C. Tsallis, Edgardo Brigatti

Publication date: 8 December 2005

Published in: Continuum Mechanics and Thermodynamics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: Boltzmann-Gibbs statistical mechanics is based on the entropy $S_{BG}=-ksu{m}_{i=1}^W{p}_{i}ln{p}_i$. It enables a successful thermal approach of ubiquitous systems, such as those involving short-range interactions, markovian processes, and, generally speaking, those systems whose dynamical occupancy of phase space tends to be ergodic. For systems whose microscopic dynamics is more complex, it is natural to expect that the dynamical occupancy of phase space will have a less trivial structure, for example a (multi)fractal or hierarchical geometry. The question naturally arises whether it is possible to study such systems with concepts and methods similar to those of standard statistical mechanics. The answer appears to be {it yes} for ubiquitous systems, but the concept of entropy needs to be adequately generalized. Some classes of such systems can be satisfactorily approached with the entropy $S_q=kfrac1-su{m}_{i=1}^W{p}_i^{q}q-1$ (with $qincalR$, and $S_1=S_{BG}$). This theory is sometimes referred in the literature as {it nonextensive statistical mechanics}. We provide here a brief introduction to the formalism, its dynamical foundations, and some illustrative applications. In addition to these, we illustrate with a few examples the concept of {it stability} (or {it experimental robustness}) introduced by B. Lesche in 1982 and recently revisited by S. Abe.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0305606

zbMATH Keywords

entropy stabilitymetastabilitynonlinear dynamicsnonextensive statistical mechanicsnonextensive entropy

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Foundations of time-dependent statistical mechanics (82C03)

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