Singular spaces, groupoids and metrics of positive scalar curvature

Index theory (19K56) Topological groupoids (including differentiable and Lie groupoids) (22A22) (K)-theory and operator algebras (including cyclic theory) (46L80) Pseudogroups and differentiable groupoids (58H05)

Abstract: We define and study, under suitable assumptions, the fundamental class, the index class and the rho class of a spin Dirac operator on the regular part of a spin stratified pseudomanifold. More singular structures, such as singular foliations, are also treated. We employ groupoid techniques in a crucial way; however, an effort has been made in order to make this article accessible to readers with only a minimal knowledge of groupoids. Finally, whenever appropriate, a comparison between classical microlocal methods and groupoids methods has been provided.

Review text

The authors define and study, under suitable assumptions, the fundamental class, the index class and the rho class of a spin Dirac operator on the regular part of a spin stratified pseudo-manifold. More singular structures, such as singular foliations, are also considered. They employ groupoid techniques in a crucial way. Finally, whenever appropriate, a comparison between classical microlocal methods and groupoids methods has been provided. The paper is organized into 13 sections covering the following aspects : Introduction (smooth closed manifolds and the Higson-Roe analytic surgery sequence, groupoids, singular structures); Smoothly stratified spaces and their resolutions (iterated fibration structures, the resolution of a stratified space, Galois coverings); Vector fields and metrics (fibered-corners vector fields, the associated vector bundle, metrics); A crash course on Lie groupoids and Lie algebroids (basics of groupoids, groupoid \(C^*\)-algebras, Lie algebroids); The groupoid associated to stratified spaces; Pseudo-differential operators (the \(\phi\)-calculus, pseudo-differential operators on a groupoid, simple ellipticity and \(K\)-theory classes, simple ellipticity versus full ellipticity); \(K\)-theory classes: The microlocal approach (the fundamental class of a fully elliptic operator, the index class); \(K\)-theory classes: the groupoid approach (the adiabatic groupoid, the noncommutative tangent bundle and the noncommutative symbol, rho classes and delocalized APS index theorem); Compatibility of \(K\)-theory classes : results and proofs; Fully elliptic spin Dirac operators (spin Dirac operators, fully elliptic spin Dirac operators); Primary and secondary \(K\)-theory classes associated to a spin Dirac operator (the fundamental class associated to a fully elliptic Dirac operator, the rho-class of an invertible Dirac operator and its properties); Singular foliations (blow-up constructions for Lie groupoids, revisiting the groupoid associated to a manifold with fibered boundary, the groupoid associated to a manifold with foliated boundary, the groupoid associated to a foliation degenerating on the boundary, (pseudo)-differential operators, \(K\)-theory classes and positive scalar curvature). An appendix about ``Non-Hausdorff groupoids is included. The paper ends with a rich bibliography containing 68 suggestive references.

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