Banach spaces with a large semigroup of contractive automorphisms

A well-known and fundamental open problem in Banach space theory, called the rotation Mazur problem, asks if every separable and transitive Banach space is, in fact, a Hilbert space. Recall that a Banach space $X$ is called transitive if, for every two norm one vectors $u$ and $v$ in $X$, there is a linear and surjective isometry on $X$ sending $u$ to $v$. A first try to approach this problem is to consider properties that are in some sense close to transitivity, to get results that are in some sense close to being a Hilbert space. For example, in [\textit{F. Cabello Sánchez}, 10 variaciones sobre un tema de Mazur. Badajoz: Universidad de Extremadura (PhD Thesis) (1996); Extr. Math. 12, No. 2, 97--116 (1997; Zbl 0906.46006)] it was proved that continuously transitive Banach spaces are uniformly convex and uniformly smooth. In [\textit{F. Cabello Sánchez} et al., J. Math. Anal. Appl. 488, No. 1, Article ID 124046, 14 p. (2020; Zbl 1445.46011)], the uniform micro-transitivity property, a weaker property than the continuous transitivity property, has been defined to get that uniformly micro-transitive Banach spaces are uniformly smooth. In this well written paper, the $(\varepsilon$-$\delta)$-property is introduced, a weaker property than the uniform micro-transitivity property, to get that Banach spaces with the $(\varepsilon$-$\delta)$-property are uniformly convex and uniformly smooth, which is a first key result of the paper. Also, other properties, close to the transitivity property, such as the nearly almost-transitivity property, are introduced and the relation between the old and new transitivity properties is studied. Finally, as a main result in the Mazur problem spirit, it is proved that nearly almost-transitive norm-unital complete normed real algebras are Hilbert spaces.

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