Rational surface maps with invariant meromorphic two-forms

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Publication:2634875



Abstract: We consider a rational map f:S->S of a complex projective surface together with an invariant meromorphic two form. Under a mild topological assumption on the map, we show that the zeroes of the invariant form can be eliminated by birational change of coordinate. In this context, when the form has no zeroes, we investigate the notion of algebraic stability for f. We show in particular that algebraic stability is equivalent to a more tractable condition involving the behavior of f on the poles of the form. Finally, we illustrate our results in the particular case where S is the projective plane and the invariant form is dx dy / xy, showing that our criterion for stability translates to whether or not the rotation number for a certain circle homeomorphism is rational.


The authors study surface maps with invariant two-forms. That is, let \(S\) be a smooth complex projective surface, \(\eta\) be a meromorphic two-form on \(S\), and \(f:S\to S\) be a rational map. Then \(\eta\) is an invariant two-form of \(f\) if \(f^*(\eta)=\delta \eta\) for some \(\delta=\delta(f,\eta)\in \mathbb{C}^*\). The first problem is to understand when the invariant two-form is zero-free under birational conjugacy, as most known examples suggest. They found that this is true under a mild topological condition on \(f\). That is the topological degree of \(f\) is different from its first dynamical degree. Then they use the existence of zero-free invariant two-forms to understand the algebraic stability of the rational map \(f\). In particular, a rational self-map induces a pull-back \(f^*: \mathrm{Div}(S)\to \mathrm{Div}(S)\), which descends to an operator \(f^*:\mathrm{Pic}(S)\to \mathrm{Pic}(S)\) on the linear equivalence class. The map \(f\) is algebraically stable if \((f^n)^*=(f^*)^n\) for all \(n\). \textit{J. E. Fornæss} and \textit{N. Sibony} [Duke Math. J. 65, No. 2, 345--380 (1992; Zbl 0761.32015)] observed that the algebraic stability fails when some irreducible curve \(f\) is contracted by \(f\). The authors prove that the map \(f\) with an invariant two-form can be made to be algebraic stable if and only if \(f\) acts nicely on the poles by blowing up the forward images of the irreducible curves.



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