Can the Pioneer anomaly be of gravitational origin? A phenomenological answer

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Publication:2643678



Abstract: In order to satisfy the equivalence principle, any non-conventional mechanism proposed to gravitationally explain the Pioneer anomaly, in the form in which it is presently known from the so-far analyzed Pioneer 10/11 data, cannot leave out of consideration its impact on the motion of the planets of the Solar System as well, especially those orbiting in the regions in which the anomalous behavior of the Pioneer probes manifested itself. In this paper we, first, discuss the residuals of the right ascension alpha and declination delta of Uranus, Neptune and Pluto obtained by processing various data sets with different, well established dynamical theories (JPL DE, IAA EPM, VSOP). Second, we use the latest determinations of the perihelion secular advances of some planets in order to put on the test two gravitational mechanisms recently proposed to accommodate the Pioneer anomaly based on two models of modified gravity. Finally, we adopt the ranging data to Voyager 2 when it encountered Uranus and Neptune to perform a further, independent test of the hypothesis that a Pioneer-like acceleration can also affect the motion of the outer planets of the Solar System. The obtained answers are negative.


By tracking Pioneer 10 and 11 spacecrafts beyond 20 AU, constant and uniform acceleration of the order of \(10^{-9}\text{ms}^{-2}\) towards the Sun has been detected in their motion. Therefore, modified theories of gravity have been proposed. In this paper the author tries to find any discrepancy in the motion of Uranus, Neptune and Pluto and in the ranging data of Voyager 2 when it encountered Uranus and Neptune. However, it is concluded that there is not any discrepancy in their motion.




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