Stokes phenomenon arising in the confluence of the Gauss hypergeometric equation

DOI10.1007/978-3-030-57000-2_7MaRDI QIDQ2658243zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Calum Horrobin, Marta Mazzocco

Publication date 19 March 2021

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2009.07607

zbMATH Keywords

asymptotic expansionsconfluencehypergeometric differential equationsmonodromy data

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Linear ordinary differential equations and systems in the complex domain (34M03) Singularities, monodromy and local behavior of solutions to ordinary differential equations in the complex domain, normal forms (34M35) Stokes phenomena and connection problems (linear and nonlinear) for ordinary differential equations in the complex domain (34M40)

Abstract: In this paper we study the Gauss and Kummer hypergeometric equations in depth. In particular, we focus on the confluence of two regular singularities of the Gauss hypergeometric equation to produce the Kummer hypergeometric equation with an irregular singularity at infinity. We show how to pass from solutions with power-like behaviour which are analytic in disks, to solutions with exponential behaviour which are analytic in sectors and have divergent asymptotics. We explicitly calculate the Stokes matrices of the confluent system in terms of the monodromy data, specifically the connection matrices, of the original system around the merging singularities.

Review text

This paper studies the connection between the Gauss equation \[z(1-z)y+(\gamma-(\alpha+\beta+1)z)y'-\alpha\beta y=0\tag{1}\] and, obtained from it by the confluence of two regular singularities, the Kummer equation \[zy+(\gamma-z)y'-\beta y=0.\tag{2}\] The authors give a thorough description of the merger procedure and show as the (wild) monodromy data of the confilent equation (2) can be obtained as limits of the monodromy data of the original equation (1) using explicit formulae. To overcome difficulties arising on this path, one result by Glutsyuk (see [\textit{A. A. Glutsuk}, J. Dyn. Control Syst. 5, No. 1, 101--135 (1999; Zbl 0949.34076)]) is used. For the entire collection see [Zbl 1459.00016].

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