Embedding of the Racah algebra R(n) and superintegrability

DOI10.1016/J.AOP.2021.168397MaRDI QIDQ2660922zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Danilo Latini, Ian Marquette, Yao-Zhong Zhang

Publication date 31 March 2021

Published in Annals of Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.12822

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Completely integrable finite-dimensional Hamiltonian systems, integration methods, integrability tests (37J35) Relations of finite-dimensional Hamiltonian and Lagrangian systems with Lie algebras and other algebraic structures (37J37) Groups and algebras in quantum theory and relations with integrable systems (81R12)

Abstract: The rank-$1$ Racah algebra $R(3)$ plays a pivotal role in the theory of superintegrable systems. It appears as the symmetry algebra of the $3$-parameter system on the $2$-sphere from which all second-order conformally flat superintegrable models in $2$D can be obtained by means of suitable limits and contractions. A higher rank generalization of $R(3)$, the so-called rank $n-2$ Racah algebra $R(n)$, has been considered recently and showed to be the symmetry algebra of the general superintegrable model on the $(n-1)$-sphere. In the present work, we show that such an algebraic structure naturally arises as embedded inside a larger quadratic algebra characterizing $n$D superintegrable models with non-central terms. This is shown both in classical and quantum mechanics through suitable (symplectic or differential) realisations of the Racah and additional generators. Among the main results, we present an explicit construction of the complete symmetry algebras for two families of $n$-dimensional maximally superintegrable models, the Smorodinsky-Winternitz system and the generalized Kepler-Coulomb system. For both families, the underlying symmetry algebras are higher-rank quadratic algebras containing the Racah algebra $R(n)$ as subalgebra. High-order algebraic relations among the generators of the full quadratic algebras are also obtained both in the classical and quantum frameworks. These results should shed new light to the further understanding of the structures of quadratic algebras in the context of superintegrable systems.

Recommendations

• Superintegrability in two dimensions and the Racah-Wilson algebra
• The Racah algebra: an overview and recent results
• Racah algebra R(n) from coalgebraic structures and chains of R(3) substructures
• Polynomial algebras from su(3) and a quadratically superintegrable model on the two sphere
• Bargmann and Barut-Girardello models for the Racah algebra

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