On the representation numbers satisfying partially multiplicative relations

DOI10.1016/J.JNT.2021.01.006MaRDI QIDQ2663296zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Ick Sun Eum

Publication date 16 April 2021

Published in Journal of Number Theory (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnt.2021.01.006

zbMATH Keywords

Eisenstein seriesHecke operatorsmodular formsrepresentations by quadratic forms

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Sums of squares and representations by other particular quadratic forms (11E25) Holomorphic modular forms of integral weight (11F11) Hecke-Petersson operators, differential operators (one variable) (11F25)

Review text

Let \(r_Q(n)\) be the number of representations of a nonnegative integer \(n\) by a positive definite integral quadratic form \(Q\) in \(2k\) variables, and let \(N\) be the level of \(Q\). For a prime \(p \nmid N\), \(r_Q(n)\) is said to be \(p\)-multiplicative if \[ r_Q(p^2n)=\frac{r_Q(p^2)r_Q(n)}{r_Q(1)} \] holds for all positive integers \(n\) prime to \(p\). It is shown that if \(r_Q(n)\) is \(p\)-multiplicative for some prime \(p\nmid N\), then \(r_Q(n)\) is \(p\)-multiplicative for all primes \(p\nmid N\). Moreover, this is proven to hold if and only if the theta function \(\Theta_Q(\tau)\) can be expressed as a sum of Eisenstein series, or equivalently that \(\Theta_Q(\tau)\) is an eigenfunction of an appropriate Hecke operator. This result provides a simple criterion for the \(p\)-multiplicativity of \(r_Q(n)\) when the corresponding cuspidal space is one-dimensional.

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