Intrinsic determination of the criticality of a slow-fast Hopf bifurcation

DOI10.1007/S10884-020-09903-XMaRDI QIDQ2665541zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors P. De Maesschalck, T. S. Doan, Jeroen Wynen

Publication date 19 November 2021

Published in Journal of Dynamics and Differential Equations (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2005.10742

zbMATH Keywords

criticalityintrinsic representationsingular bifurcationsskewnessslow-fast Hopf bifurcation

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Topological structure of integral curves, singular points, limit cycles of ordinary differential equations (34C05) Transformation and reduction of ordinary differential equations and systems, normal forms (34C20) Bifurcation theory for ordinary differential equations (34C23) Stability of solutions to ordinary differential equations (34D20) Singular perturbations for ordinary differential equations (34E15) Bifurcations of singular points in dynamical systems (37G10)

Abstract: The presence of slow-fast Hopf (or singular Hopf) points in slow-fast systems in the plane is often deduced from the shape of a vector field brought into normal form. It can however be quite cumbersome to put a system in normal form. In the monograph "Canards from birth to transition", an intrinsic presentation of slow-fast vector fields is initiated, showing hands-on formulas to check for the presence of such singular contact points. We generalize the results in the sense that the criticality of the Hopf bifurcation can be checked with a single formula. We demonstrate the result on a slow-fast system given in non-standard form where slow and fast variables are not separated from each other. The formula is convenient since it does not require any parameterization of the critical curve.

Review text

Singular bifurcations in planar slow-fast systems are frequently studied by transformation of the corresponding vector fields into normal form which can, however, be cumbersome in practice. Recent work [\textit{M. Wechselberger}, Geometric singular perturbation theory beyond the standard form, Cham: Springer (2020; Zbl 1484.34001)] has emphasised an intrinsic representation of slow-fast vector fields wherein such bifurcations can be readily identified. Here, the authors extend these and related previous results [the first author et al., Canard cycles. From birth to transition. Cham: Springer (2021; Zbl 07384451)] by deriving a single formula which allows one not only to identify (singular) Hopf bifurcation points in planar slow-fast systems, but which also reveals the criticality of these bifurcations; in particular, it is worth noting that their formula can equally be applied in the context of singular Bogdanov-Takens bifurcation. In the process, the authors relate the formula to the ``skewness of the underlying fast and slow vector fields, and they argue that it lends itself naturally to implementation in computer algebra software. They illustrate their formula with two examples, the classic van der Pol oscillator and a slow-fast system in non-standard form, both of which admit Hopf bifurcations; finally, criticality conditions which were previously derived in [\textit{M. Krupa} and \textit{P. Szmolyan}, J. Differ. Equations 174, No. 2, 312-368 (2001; Zbl 0994.34032)] are revisited.

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Cites work

• Birth of canard cycles
• Canard cycles and center manifolds
• Canard cycles. From birth to transition
• Geometric singular perturbation theory beyond the standard form
• Modelling, singular perturbation and bifurcation analyses of bitrophic food chains
• Multi-timescale systems and fast-slow analysis
• Neural excitability and singular bifurcations
• Relaxation oscillation and canard explosion
• Slow-fast Bogdanov-Takens bifurcations
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Cited in

(11)

• Singular Hopf bifurcation in systems with fast and slow variables
• Critical slowing down close to a global bifurcation of a curve of quasi-neutral equilibria
• Fractal codimension of nilpotent contact points in two-dimensional slow-fast systems
• Singular Hopf Bifurcation in Systems with Two Slow Variables
• Discrete geometric singular perturbation theory
• Cyclicity of the limit periodic sets for a singularly perturbed Leslie-Gower predator-prey model with prey harvesting
• Canard cycle in a slow-fast bitrophic food chain model in chemostat
• Slow-fast cycles with points of self-intersection
• Further stability criteria for singular Hopf bifurcation in planar predator-prey systems
• Singular bifurcations in a slow-fast modified Leslie-Gower model
• Strategic control for a Boltzmann-like decision-making model

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