Shock formation in the dispersionless Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation

DOI10.1088/0951-7715/29/4/1384MaRDI QIDQ2805239zbMATHOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Tamara Grava, C. Klein, Jens Eggers

Publication date 10 May 2016

Published in Nonlinearity (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1505.06453

zbMATH Keywords

shock formationdispersionless Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equationdissipative dKP equationmultiscales analysis

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Blow-up in context of PDEs (35B44) Shocks and singularities for hyperbolic equations (35L67) KdV equations (Korteweg-de Vries equations) (35Q53) Catastrophe theory (58K35)

Abstract: The dispersionless Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (dKP) equation $(u_t+u{u}_x{)}_x=u_{yy}$ is one of the simplest nonlinear wave equations describing two-dimensional shocks. To solve the dKP equation we use a coordinate transformation inspired by the method of characteristics for the one-dimensional Hopf equation $u_t+u{u}_x=0$. We show numerically that the solutions to the transformed equation do not develop shocks. This permits us to extend the dKP solution as the graph of a multivalued function beyond the critical time when the gradients blow up. This overturned solution is multivalued in a lip shape region in the $(x,y)$ plane, where the solution of the dKP equation exists in a weak sense only, and a shock front develops. A local expansion reveals the universal scaling structure of the shock, which after a suitable change of coordinates corresponds to a generic cusp catastrophe. We provide a heuristic derivation of the shock front position near the critical point for the solution of the dKP equation, and study the solution of the dKP equation when a small amount of dissipation is added. Using multiple-scale analysis, we show that in the limit of small dissipation and near the critical point of the dKP solution, the solution of the dissipative dKP equation converges to a Pearcey integral. We test and illustrate our results by detailed comparisons with numerical simulations of both the regularized equation, the dKP equation, and the asymptotic description given in terms of the Pearcey integral.

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Cited in

(16)

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• Forbidden Regions for Shock Formation in Diffusive Systems
• Dispersive shock waves in the Kadomtsev-Petviashvili and two dimensional Benjamin-Ono equations
• On the dispersionless Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation in \(n+1\) dimensions: exact solutions, the Cauchy problem for small initial data and wave breaking
• The quadric ansatz for the \(mn\)-dispersionless KP equation, and supersymmetric Einstein-Weyl spaces
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• On the dispersionless Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation with arbitrary nonlinearity and dimensionality: exact solutions, longtime asymptotics of the Cauchy problem, wave breaking and shocks
• Singularity theory of plane curves and its applications
• Numerical study of break-up in solutions to the dispersionless Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation
• The Cauchy problem for the Pavlov equation with large data
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• The collisionless shock region for the long‐time behavior of solutions of the KdV equation
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