Shock formation in the dispersionless Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation

DOI10.1088/0951-7715/29/4/1384zbMATH Open1339.35267arXiv1505.06453OpenAlexW2235659682WikidataQ63460904 ScholiaQ63460904MaRDI QIDQ2805239FDOQ2805239

C. Klein, Jens Eggers, Tamara Grava

Publication date: 10 May 2016

Published in: Nonlinearity (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: The dispersionless Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (dKP) equation $(u_t+u{u}_x{)}_x=u_{yy}$ is one of the simplest nonlinear wave equations describing two-dimensional shocks. To solve the dKP equation we use a coordinate transformation inspired by the method of characteristics for the one-dimensional Hopf equation $u_t+u{u}_x=0$. We show numerically that the solutions to the transformed equation do not develop shocks. This permits us to extend the dKP solution as the graph of a multivalued function beyond the critical time when the gradients blow up. This overturned solution is multivalued in a lip shape region in the $(x,y)$ plane, where the solution of the dKP equation exists in a weak sense only, and a shock front develops. A local expansion reveals the universal scaling structure of the shock, which after a suitable change of coordinates corresponds to a generic cusp catastrophe. We provide a heuristic derivation of the shock front position near the critical point for the solution of the dKP equation, and study the solution of the dKP equation when a small amount of dissipation is added. Using multiple-scale analysis, we show that in the limit of small dissipation and near the critical point of the dKP solution, the solution of the dissipative dKP equation converges to a Pearcey integral. We test and illustrate our results by detailed comparisons with numerical simulations of both the regularized equation, the dKP equation, and the asymptotic description given in terms of the Pearcey integral.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1505.06453

zbMATH Keywords

shock formationdispersionless Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equationdissipative dKP equationmultiscales analysis

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Blow-up in context of PDEs (35B44) Shocks and singularities for hyperbolic equations (35L67) KdV equations (Korteweg-de Vries equations) (35Q53) Catastrophe theory (58K35)

Cited In (12)

• Classical solutions for the generalized Kadomtsev-Petviashvili I equations
• Formation and dynamics of shock waves in the Degasperis-Procesi equation
• Regular and complex singularities of the generalized thin film equation in two dimensions
• The collisionless shock region for the long‐time behavior of solutions of the KdV equation
• Numerical study of break-up in solutions to the dispersionless Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation
• The quadric ansatz for the mn-dispersionless KP equation, and supersymmetric Einstein–Weyl spaces
• Singularity theory of plane curves and its applications
• Numerical study of the Kadomtsev–Petviashvili equation and dispersive shock waves
• Forbidden Regions for Shock Formation in Diffusive Systems
• Spatial structure of shock formation
• Whitham modulation theory for the Kadomtsev– Petviashvili equation
• The Cauchy problem for the Pavlov equation with large data

Uses Software

• Digital Library of Mathematical Functions

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