Black hole quantum mechanics in the presence of species

DOI10.1002/PROP.201300002zbMATH Open1338.83072arXiv1206.2365OpenAlexW2014655737MaRDI QIDQ2812973FDOQ2812973

Authors: Gia Dvali, C. Gomez, Dieter Lüst 

Publication date: 13 June 2016

Published in: Fortschritte der Physik (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: Recently within the context of a microscopic quantum theory, the Black Hole's Quantum N-Portrait, it was shown that continuous global symmetries are compatible with quantum black hole physics. In the present paper we revise within the same framework the semi-classical black hole bound on the number of particle species N_{species}. We show that unlike the bound on global charge, the bound on species survives in the quantum picture and gives rise to a new fundamental length-scale, L_{species} = sqrt{N_{species}} L_P$, beyond which the resolution of species identities is impossible. This finding nullifies the so-called species problem. This scale sets the size of the lightest quantum black hole in the theory, Planckion. A crucial difference between the gravitational and non-gravitational species emerges. For gravitational species, the lightest black holes are exactly at the scale of perturbative unitarity violation, which is a strong indication for self-UV-completion of gravity. However, non-gravitational species create a gap between the perturbative unitarity scale and the lightest black holes, which must be filled by some unitarity-restoring physics. Thus, self-UV-completion of gravity implies that the number of non-gravitational species must not exceed the gravitational ones.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.2365

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Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Measures of information, entropy (94A17) Semiclassical techniques, including WKB and Maslov methods applied to problems in quantum theory (81Q20) Quantization of the gravitational field (83C45) Methods of quantum field theory in general relativity and gravitational theory (83C47) Black holes (83C57)

Cites Work

• Particle creation by black holes
• Entropy and area

Cited In (33)

• Intersecting end of the world branes
• Quantum‐corrected Geometry of Horizon Vicinity
• Infinite black hole entropies at infinite distances and tower of states
• Quantum mechanics of stationary states of particles in a space-time of classical black holes
• Species scale in diverse dimensions
• A Note on Modular Invariant Species Scale and Potentials
• Nature of microscopic black holes and gravity in theories with particle species
• On Gaussian random supergravity
• Gravitational black hole hair from event horizon supertranslations
• Semiclassical black holes expose forbidden charges and censor divergent densities
• Minimal black holes and species thermodynamics
• The Milky Way's supermassive black hole: how good a case is it? A challenge for astrophysics \& philosophy of science
• Evaporation of microscopic black holes in string theory and the bound on species
• Holographic phenomenology via overlapping degrees of freedom
• Starobinsky inflation in the swampland
• Quantum portrait of a black hole with Pöschl-Teller potential
• Black hole formation and classicalization in ultra-Planckian \(2\to N\) scattering
• Falling through the black hole horizon
• Quantum state of the black hole interior
• Black hole's \(1 / N\) hair
• Black hole based quantum computing in labs and in the sky
• Species entropy and thermodynamics
• Constraints on the quantum state of pairs produced by semiclassical black holes
• Cosmological phase transitions and the swampland
• Bounds on field range for slowly varying positive potentials
• Stabilization of a twisted modulus on a mirror of rigid Calabi-Yau manifold
• Skyrmion black hole hair: conservation of baryon number by black holes and observable manifestations
• On quantum life of black holes
• Axion species scale and axion weak gravity conjecture-like bound
• Black hole entropy and moduli-dependent species scale
• Emergence of species scale black hole horizons
• Bumping into the Species Scale with the Scalar Potential
• Bounds on Species Scale and the Distance Conjecture

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