A direct method to find Stokes multipliers in closed form for P₁ and more general integrable systems

DOI10.1090/TRAN/6612MaRDI QIDQ2821663zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Min Huang, O. Costin, R. D. Costin

Publication date 22 September 2016

Published in Transactions of the American Mathematical Society (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1205.0775

zbMATH Keywords

asymptotically conserved quantityBorel summabilityPainlevé equationPainlevé-Kowalevski propertyStokes multipliertritronquées solutiontronquées solution

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Painlevé-type functions (33E17) Stokes phenomena and connection problems (linear and nonlinear) for ordinary differential equations in the complex domain (34M40) Completely integrable finite-dimensional Hamiltonian systems, integration methods, integrability tests (37J35) Completely integrable infinite-dimensional Hamiltonian and Lagrangian systems, integration methods, integrability tests, integrable hierarchies (KdV, KP, Toda, etc.) (37K10) Adiabatic invariants for problems in Hamiltonian and Lagrangian mechanics (70H11)

Abstract: We introduce a new rigorous method, based on Borel summability and asymptotic constants of motion generalizing cite{invent} and cite{ode1}, to analyze singular behavior of nonlinear ODEs in a neighborhood of infinity and provide global information about their solutions. In equations with the Painlev'e-Kowalevski (P-K) property (stating that movable singularities are not branched) it allows for solving connection problems. The analysis in carried in detail for P${}_1$, $$, for which we find the Stokes multipliers in closed form and global asymptotics for solutions having power-like behavior in some direction in $CC$, in particular for the tritronqu'ees. Calculating the Stokes multipliers solely relies on the P-K property and does not use linearization techniques such as Riemann-Hilbert or isomonodromic reformulations. We discuss how the approach would work to calculate connection constants for a larger class of P-K integrable equations. We develop methods for finding asymptotic expansions in sectors where solutions have infinitely many singularities. These techniques do not rely on integrability and apply to more general second order ODEs which, after normalization, are asymptotically close to autonomous Hamiltonian systems.

Review text

In this paper, the authors introduce a new rigorous method, based on Borel summability and asymptotic constants of motion generalizing previous results, to analyze singular behavior of nonlinear ordinary differential equations of second order in a neighborhood of infinity and provide global information about their solutions in \(\mathbb{C}\). The new method allows us to calculate the Stokes multiplier without using linearization techniques such as Riemann-Hilbert or isomonodromic reformulations. The analysis is carried out in detail for the first Painlevé equation \(P_I\).

Recommendations

• Tronquée solutions of the Painlevé equation PI
• Connection formulae for the first Painlevé transcendent in the complex domain
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Cited in

(12)

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