Rubio de Francia's extrapolation theory: estimates for the distribution function

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Abstract: Let T be an arbitrary operator bounded from Lp0(w) into Lp0,infty(w) for every weight w in the Muckenhoupt class Ap0. It is proved in this article that the distribution function of Tf with respect to any weight u can be essentially majorized by the distribution function of Mf with respect to u (plus an integral term easy to control). As a consequence, well-known extrapolation results, including results in a multilinear setting, can be obtained with very simple proofs. New applications in extrapolation for two-weight problems and estimates on rearrangement invariant spaces are established too.


The authors prove the weak type version of Rubio de Francia's extrapolation results and many others, including new boundedness properties of operators on different kinds of spaces.NEWLINENEWLINEWe shall use the Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator NEWLINE\[NEWLINE Mf(x)=\sup_{x \in Q}\frac{1}{|Q|}\int_{Q}|f(x)|dy, NEWLINE\]NEWLINE where the supremum is taken over all cubes \(Q \ni x\).NEWLINENEWLINELet \(T\) be an arbitrary operator bounded from \(L^{p_{0}}(w)\) into \(L^{p_{0},\infty}(w)\) for every weight \(w\) in the Muckenhoupt class \(A_{p_{0}}\) with \(1 < p_{0} < \infty\). Then it is proved that the distribution function of \(Tf\) with respect to any weight \(u\) can be essentially majorized by the distribution function of \(Mf\) with respect to \(u\) (plus an integral term easy to control). As a consequence, extrapolation results, including results in a multilinear setting, can be obtained with very simple proofs.NEWLINENEWLINENew applications in extrapolation for two-weight problems and estimates on rearrangement invarinat spaces are established, too.











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