Hereditarily indecomposable, separable L_ Banach spaces with _1 dual having few but not very few operators

Isomorphic theory (including renorming) of Banach spaces (46B03) Spaces of operators; tensor products; approximation properties (46B28) Invariant subspaces of linear operators (47A15) Linear operators belonging to operator ideals (nuclear, (p)-summing, in the Schatten-von Neumann classes, etc.) (47B10)

Abstract: Given a natural number

k g e q 2

, we construct a hereditarily indecomposable,

m a t h s c r L_{i n f t y}

space,

X_{k}

with dual isomorphic to

e l l_{1}

. We exhibit a non-compact, strictly singular operator

S

on

X_{k}

, with the property that

S^{k} = 0

and

S^{j} (0 l e q j l e q k - 1)

is not a compact perturbation of any linear combination of

S^{l}, l e q j

. Moreover, every bounded linear operator on this space has the form

s u m_{i = 0}^{k - 1} l a m b d a_{i} S^{i} + K

where the

l a m b d a_{i}

are scalars and

K

is compact. In particular, this construction answers a question of Argyros and Haydon ("A hereditarily indecomposable space that solves the scalar-plus-compact problem").

Review text

Fix a natural number \(k\geq2\). Then there is a hereditarily indecomposable \(\ell_1\)-predual \(X\) on which every operator is a strictly singular perturbation of a scalar multiple of the identity, and for which the Calkin algebra \({\mathcal L}(X)/{\mathcal K}(X)\) is isomorphic to the algebra of \(k\times k\) upper triangular Toeplitz matrices. In particular, there is a strictly singular, nilpotent operator \(S\) for which the cosets \(S^j+{\mathcal K}(X)\), \(0\leq j<k\), form a basis of the Calkin algebra. One consequence is that \({\mathcal L}(X)\) has exactly \(k\) proper closed ideals. Another, thanks to a well-known theorem of Aronszajn and Smith, is that every operator on \(X\) has a non-trivial invariant subspace. The intricacy of the construction justifies the length of this paper.

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