Primer for the algebraic geometry of sandpiles

DOI10.1090/CONM/605/12117zbMATH Open1320.05060arXiv1112.6163OpenAlexW2140545974WikidataQ60264672 ScholiaQ60264672MaRDI QIDQ2943891FDOQ2943891

Authors: David Perkinson, Jacob Perlman, John Wilmes 

Publication date: 7 September 2015

Published in: Tropical and Non-Archimedean Geometry (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: The Abelian Sandpile Model (ASM) is a game played on a graph realizing the dynamics implicit in the discrete Laplacian matrix of the graph. The purpose of this primer is to apply the theory of lattice ideals from algebraic geometry to the Laplacian matrix, drawing out connections with the ASM. An extended summary of the ASM and of the required algebraic geometry is provided. New results include a characterization of graphs whose Laplacian lattice ideals are complete intersection ideals; a new construction of arithmetically Gorenstein ideals; a generalization to directed multigraphs of a duality theorem between elements of the sandpile group of a graph and the graph's superstable configurations (parking functions); and a characterization of the top Betti number of the minimal free resolution of the Laplacian lattice ideal as the number of elements of the sandpile group of least degree. A characterization of all the Betti numbers is conjectured.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1112.6163

Recommendations

• Laplacian ideals, arrangements, and resolutions
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Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Combinatorial aspects of commutative algebra (05E40) Graphs and abstract algebra (groups, rings, fields, etc.) (05C25) Games on graphs (graph-theoretic aspects) (05C57) Syzygies, resolutions, complexes and commutative rings (13D02) Dynamic lattice systems (kinetic Ising, etc.) and systems on graphs in time-dependent statistical mechanics (82C20)

Cited In (34)

• Critical groups of covering, voltage and signed graphs
• On computation of Baker and Norine's rank on complete graphs
• Divisors on graphs, binomial and monomial ideals, and cellular resolutions
• Laplacian ideals, arrangements, and resolutions
• The Laplacian lattice of a graph under a simplicial distance function
• Abelian networks. III: The critical group
• Minimal free resolutions of lattice ideals of digraphs
• Critical groups of graphs with dihedral actions. II.
• Parking functions and tree inversions revisited
• Simplicial dollar game
• Critical groups for Hopf algebra modules
• Critical groups of graphs with dihedral actions
• Chip firing on Dynkin diagrams and McKay quivers
• Sandpiles and dominos
• Degree and algebraic properties of lattice and matrix ideals
• Minimal free resolutions of the \(G\)-parking function ideal and the toppling ideal
• Parking functions on nonsingular \(M\)-matrices
• Fourientations and the Tutte polynomial
• Chip firing on general invertible matrices
• Enumerating linear systems on graphs
• Feedback arc set problem and NP-hardness of minimum recurrent configuration problem of chip-firing game on directed graphs
• Hall-Littlewood symmetric functions via the chip-firing game
• Explicit deformation of lattice ideals via chip-firing games on directed graphs
• Degeneration of linear series from the tropical point of view and applications
• A maximizing characteristic for critical configurations of chip-firing games on digraphs
• Monomials, binomials and Riemann-Roch
• Abelian sandpile model and Biggs-Merino polynomial for directed graphs
• Another proof of Wilmes' conjecture
• Chip-firing and energy minimization on M-matrices
• Tutte short exact sequences of graphs
• CoEulerian graphs
• Mixing time and eigenvalues of the abelian sandpile Markov chain
• Laplacian growth, sandpiles, and scaling limits
• Laplacian growth and sandpiles on the Sierpiński gasket: limit shape universality and exact solutions

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