Propagation of reactions in inhomogeneous media

DOI10.1002/CPA.21653MaRDI QIDQ2979258zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Andrej Zlatoš

Publication date 3 May 2017

Published in Communications on Pure and Applied Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1401.1175

zbMATH Keywords

Hausdorff distance of superlevel setstwo spreading speeds

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Initial value problems for second-order parabolic equations (35K15) Reaction-diffusion equations (35K57)

Abstract: Consider reaction-diffusion equation $u_t=Deltau+f(x,u)$ with $xinmathbb{R}^d$ and general inhomogeneous ignition reaction $fge0$ vanishing at $u=0,1$. Typical solutions $0leule1$ transition from $0$ to $1$ as time progresses, and we study them in the region where this transition occurs. Under fairly general qualitative hypotheses on $f$ we show that in dimensions $dle3$, the Hausdorff distance of the super-level sets $ugeepsilon$ and $uge1-epsilon$ remains uniformly bounded in time for each $epsilonin(0,1)$. Thus, $u$ remains uniformly in time close to the characteristic function of $ugefrac12$ in the sense of Hausdorff distance of super-level sets. We also show that $ugefrac12$ expands with average speed (over any long enough time interval) between the two spreading speeds corresponding to any $x$-independent lower and upper bounds on $f$. On the other hand, these results turn out to be false in dimensions $dge4$, at least without further quantitative hypotheses on $f$. The proof for $dle3$ is based on showing that as the solution propagates, small values of $u$ cannot escape far ahead of values close to 1. The proof for $dge4$ involves construction of a counter-example for which this fails. Such results were before known for $d=1$ but are new for general non-periodic media in dimensions $dge2$ (some are also new for homogeneous and periodic media). They extend in a somewhat weaker sense to monostable, bistable, and mixed reaction types, as well as to transitions between general equilibria $u^{-}<u^{+}$ of the PDE, and to solutions not necessarily satisfying $u^{-}leule{u}^{+}$.

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Cited in

(18)

• Critical travelling waves for general heterogeneous one-dimensional reaction-diffusion equations
• Homogenization for space-time-dependent KPP reaction-diffusion equations and G-equations
• Asymptotic spreading for general heterogeneous Fisher-KPP type equations
• Bulk burning rate in passive-reactive diffusion
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• Stochastic homogenization for reaction-diffusion equations
• Limiting solutions of nonlocal dispersal problem in inhomogeneous media
• On the fast spreading scenario

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