Multiplicities of tensor eigenvalues

DOI10.4310/CMS.2016.V14.N4.A9zbMATH Open1353.15007arXiv1412.2831MaRDI QIDQ305077FDOQ305077

Authors: Ke Ye, Shenglong Hu 

Publication date: 26 August 2016

Published in: Communications in Mathematical Sciences (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We study in this article multiplicities of eigenvalues of tensors. There are two natural multiplicities associated to an eigenvalue $lambda$ of a tensor: algebraic multiplicity $operatornameam(lambda)$ and geometric multiplicity $operatornamegm(lambda)$. The former is the multiplicity of the eigenvalue as a root of the characteristic polynomial, and the latter is the dimension of the eigenvariety (i.e., the set of eigenvectors) corresponding to the eigenvalue. We show that the algebraic multiplicity could change along the orbit of tensors by the orthogonal linear group action, while the geometric multiplicity of the zero eigenvalue is invariant under this action, which is the main difficulty to study their relationships. However, we show that for a generic tensor, every eigenvalue has a unique (up to scaling) eigenvector, and both the algebraic multiplicity and geometric multiplicity are one. In general, we suggest for an $m$-th order $n$-dimensional tensor the relationship [ operatorname{am}(lambda)geq operatorname{gm}(lambda)(m-1)^{operatorname{gm}(lambda)-1}. ] We show that it is true for serveral cases, especially when the eigenvariety contains a linear subspace of dimension $operatornamegm(lambda)$ in coordinate form. As both multiplicities are invariants under the orthogonal linear group action in the matrix counterpart, this generalizes the classical result for a matrix: the algebraic mutliplicity is not smaller than the geometric multiplicity.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1412.2831

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zbMATH Keywords

tensoreigenvalueeigenvectoralgebraic multiplicitygeometric multiplicityinequalities involving eigenvalues

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Eigenvalues, singular values, and eigenvectors (15A18) Inequalities involving eigenvalues and eigenvectors (15A42) Multilinear algebra, tensor calculus (15A69)

Cited In (35)

• Spectra of weighted uniform hypertrees
• Eigenvectors of Laplacian or signless Laplacian of hypergraphs associated with zero eigenvalue
• A note on multiplicity-free tensor representations
• Nondegeneracy of eigenvectors and singular vector tuples of tensors
• The \(H\)-spectra of a class of generalized power hypergraphs
• Symmetry of eigenvalues of Sylvester matrices and tensors
• One of perturbation analysis of tensor eigenvalues
• Equations of tensor eigenschemes
• Eigenvalues and invariants of tensors
• Tensors with eigenvectors in a given subspace
• The eigenvalues and eigenvectors of nonsingular tensors, similar tensors and tensor products
• Eigenvectors of tensors -- a primer
• Comparing the principal eigenvector of a hypergraph and its shadows
• Tests of inequivalence among absolutely nonsingular tensors through geometric invariants
• The dimension of eigenvariety of nonnegative tensors associated with spectral radius
• On the similarity of tensors
• The number of eigenvalues of a tensor
• Further results on eigenvalues of symmetric decomposable tensors from multilinear dynamical systems
• The E-eigenvectors of tensors
• Algebraic and geometric multiplicities for some hypergraphs
• On the multiplicities and the ascent of an eigenvalue of a linear map
• On determinants and eigenvalue theory of tensors
• Eigenvariety of nonnegative symmetric weakly irreducible tensors associated with spectral radius and its application to hypergraphs
• MULTIPLICITIES OF EIGENVALUES
• Simplifying the computation of the spectrum of the complete \(k\)-uniform hypergraph
• The multivariate eigenvalues of symmetric tensors
• Tensor properties of multilevel Toeplitz and related matrices
• Codazzi tensors with two eigenvalue functions
• Characteristic polynomial and higher order traces of third order three dimensional tensors
• Multiplicity of singular values for tensors
• Spectral theory of weighted hypergraphs via tensors
• \(T_M\)-eigenvalues of odd-order tensors
• Inverse eigenvalue problem for tensors
• The zero eigenvalue of the Laplacian tensor of a uniform hypergraph
• Multiplications and eigenvalues of tensors via linear maps

Uses Software

• Macaulay2
• ISOLATE

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