The fundamental group of random 2-complexes.
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Random graphs (graph-theoretic aspects) (05C80) Combinatorial aspects of simplicial complexes (05E45) Fundamental groups and their automorphisms (group-theoretic aspects) (20F34) Geometric group theory (20F65) Hyperbolic groups and nonpositively curved groups (20F67) Simplicial sets and complexes in algebraic topology (55U10) Topological methods in group theory (57M07)
Abstract: We study Linial-Meshulam random 2-complexes, which are two-dimensional analogues of ErdH{o}s-R'enyi random graphs. We find the threshold for simple connectivity to be p = n^{-1/2}. This is in contrast to the threshold for vanishing of the first homology group, which was shown earlier by Linial and Meshulam to be p = 2 log(n)/n. We use a variant of Gromov's local-to-global theorem for linear isoperimetric inequalities to show that when p = O(n^{-1/2 -epsilon}) the fundamental group is word hyperbolic. Along the way we classify the homotopy types of sparse 2-dimensional simplicial complexes and establish isoperimetric inequalities for such complexes. These intermediate results do not involve randomness and may be of independent interest.
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