scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1004287
[https://duckduckgo.com/?q=MSC%2011G30%20%22Curves+of+arbitrary+genus+or+genus+%28%0D%0Ae+1%29+over+global+fields%22 Curves of arbitrary genus or genus ( e 1) over global fields (11G30)] Rational points (14G05) Jacobians, Prym varieties (14H40)
Let \(F\) be the Fermat curve defined over \(\mathbb{Q}\) and given by the projective equation \[ X^p+ Y^p+ Z^p=0 \] for a fixed prime \(p\geq 5\) with \(p\neq 7\). Let \(J\) be its Jacobian. Further, set \(K= \mathbb{Q}(\zeta)\) for a primitive \(p\)-th root \(\zeta\) of unity in a fixed algebraic closure of \(\mathbb{Q}\), and let \(K^+\) be the maximal real subfield of \(K\). The author's investigations are motivated by the wish to determine the precise structure of \(J(K)_{\text{tors}}\) in the general case. For \(p=5\), \textit{P. Tzermias} [Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 125, 663--668 (1997; Zbl 0858.14014)] proves that \(J(K)_{\text{tors}}= J^\infty\), the group of divisor classes represented by a linear combination of the cusps of \(F\). In order to give a brief description of the results contained in the present paper, consider the automorphisms \(A\) and \(B\) of \(F\) given by: \(A(X,Y,Z)= (\zeta X,Y,Z)\) and \(B(X,Y,Z)= (X,\zeta Y,Z)\). Now for \(s=1,2,\dots, p-2\), let \(F_s\) be the quotient of \(F\) by the group of automorphisms generated by \(AB^{-s}\) and let \(J_s\) be the Jacobian of \(F_s\). The projections \(f_s: J\to J_s\) and their duals \(f_s^*: J_s\to J\) induce an isogeny \(f= \prod_{s=1}^{p-2} f_s: J\to \prod_{s=1}^{p-2} J_s\) and its dual \(f^*\) such that \(f^*f\) is multiplication by \(p\) on \(J\). The main result of this paper is an explicit description of \(f^* (\prod_{s=1}^{p-2} J_s(K)_{\text{tors}})\). In particular, the exact number of \(K\)-rational and \(K^+\)-rational points in \(\text{Ker} (f^*)\) (\(p^{3p-9}\) and \(p^{2p-6}\), respectively) are deduced from this result.
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