Defect modes and homogenization of periodic Schrödinger operators

Abstract: We consider the discrete eigenvalues of the operator

H_{e} p s = - D e l t a + V (x) + e p s^{2} Q (e p s x)

, where

V (x)

is periodic and

Q (y)

is localized on

R^{d}, d g e 1

. For

e p s > 0

and sufficiently small, discrete eigenvalues may bifurcate (emerge) from spectral band edges of the periodic Schr"odinger operator,

H_{0} = - D e l t a_{x} + V (x)

, into spectral gaps. The nature of the bifurcation depends on the homogenized Schr"odinger operator

L_{A, Q} = - a b l a_{y} c d o t A a b l a_{y} + Q (y)

. Here,

A

denotes the inverse effective mass matrix, associated with the spectral band edge, which is the site of the bifurcation.

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