Essential core of the Hawking–Ellis types
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Publication:3177425
Abstract: The Hawking-Ellis (Segre-Plebanski) classification of possible stress-energy tensors is an essential tool in analyzing the implications of the Einstein field equations in a more-or-less model-independent manner. In the current article the basic idea is to simplify the Hawking-Ellis type I, II, III, and IV classification by isolating the "essential core" of the type II, type III, and type IV stress-energy tensors; this being done by subtracting (special cases of) type I to simplify the (Lorentz invariant) eigenvalue structure as much as possible without disturbing the eigenvector structure. We will denote these "simplified cores" type II, type III, and type IV. These "simplified cores" have very nice and simple algebraic properties. Furthermore, types I and II have very simple classical interpretations, while type IV is known to arise semi-classically (in renormalized expectation values of standard stress-energy tensors). In contrast type III stands out in that it has neither a simple classical interpretation, nor even a simple semi-classical interpretation. We will also consider the robustness of this classification considering the stability of the different Hawking-Ellis types under perturbations. We argue that types II and III are definitively unstable, whereas types I and IV are stable.
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Cited in
(9)- Observer-based invariants for cosmological models
- The type III stress-energy tensor: ugly duckling of the Hawking-Ellis classification
- The eye of the storm: a regular Kerr black hole
- Charged black-bounce spacetimes
- Hawking-Ellis type III spacetime geometry
- Feynman's \(i\epsilon\) prescription, almost real spacetimes, and acceptable complex spacetimes
- Spherical warp-based bubble with non-trivial lapse function and its consequences on matter content
- A connection between regular black holes and horizonless ultracompact stars
- The Kiselev black hole is neither perfect fluid, nor is it quintessence
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