Bifurcations and exceptional points in a PT-symmetric dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate

DOI10.1088/1751-8113/49/48/485301MaRDI QIDQ3178745zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Robin Gutöhrlein, Holger Cartarius, Jörg Main, Günter Wunner

Publication date 20 December 2016

Published in Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1605.01927

zbMATH Keywords

analytic continuationbifurcationexceptional pointBose-Einstein condensate\(\mathcal{PT}\)-symmetrydipolar Bose-Einstein condensatebicomplex

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Bifurcations in context of PDEs (35B32) PDEs in connection with quantum mechanics (35Q40) Nonselfadjoint operator theory in quantum theory including creation and destruction operators (81Q12) Finite-dimensional groups and algebras motivated by physics and their representations (81R05) Many-body theory; quantum Hall effect (81V70) Phase transitions (general) in equilibrium statistical mechanics (82B26)

Abstract: We investigate the bifurcation structure of stationary states in a dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate located in an external PT-symmetric potential. The imaginary part of this external potential allows for the effective description of in- and out-coupling of particles. To unveil the complete bifurcation structure and the properties of the exceptional points we perform an analytical continuation of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation, which is used to describe the system. We use an elegant and numerically efficient method for the analytical continuation of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation with dipolar interactions containing bicomplex numbers. The Bose-Einstein condensate with dipole interaction shows a much richer bifurcation scenario than a condensate without long-range interactions. The inclusion of analytically continued states can also explain property changes of bifurcation points which were hidden before, and allows for the examination of the properties of the exceptional points associated with the branch points. With the new analytically continued states we are able to prove the existence of an exceptional point of fifth order.

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Cited in

(13)

• Multicomplex solitons
• Bicomplex modules with indefinite inner product
• Non-Hermitian time-dependent perturbation theory: asymmetric transitions and transitionless interactions
• Unitary unfoldings of a Bose–Hubbard exceptional point with and without particle number conservation
• Steady-state/Hopf mode interaction at a symmetry-breaking Takens-Bogdanov point
• Bifurcations and exceptional points in dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates
• Eigenvalue structure of a Bose-Einstein condensate in a \(\mathcal{PT}\)-symmetric double well
• Bicomplex harmonic and isotonic oscillators: the excited states
• Stability and collisions of quantum droplets in \(\mathcal{PT}\)-symmetric dual-core couplers
• Spectral singularities in \(\mathcal {PT}\)-symmetric Bose-Einstein condensates
• On the quantum mechanics of bicomplex Hamiltonian system
• Simple reciprocal electric circuit exhibiting exceptional point of degeneracy
• Floquet exceptional points and chirality in non-Hermitian Hamiltonians

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