On homotopies with triple points of classical knots

DOI10.1142/S0218216511009911MaRDI QIDQ3225645zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Thomas Fiedler, Arnaud Mortier

Publication date 22 March 2012

Published in Journal of Knot Theory and Its Ramifications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1005.0136

zbMATH Keywords

discriminantclassical knotstriple unknottings

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Abstract: We consider a knot homotopy as a cylinder in 4-space. An ordinary triple point $p$ of the cylinder is called {em coherent} if all three branches intersect at $p$ pairwise with the same index. A {em triple unknotting} of a classical knot $K$ is a homotopy which connects $K$ with the trivial knot and which has as singularities only coherent triple points. We give a new formula for the first Vassiliev invariant $v_2(K)$ by using triple unknottings. As a corollary we obtain a very simple proof of the fact that passing a coherent triple point always changes the knot type. As another corollary we show that there are triple unknottings which are not homotopic as triple unknottings even if we allow more complicated singularities to appear in the homotopy of the homotopy.

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Cites work

• Triple points of unknotting discs and the Arf invariant of knots

Cited in

(5)

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