Periodic solutions of singular first-order Hamiltonian systems of N-vortex type

Abstract: We are concerned with the dynamics of

N

point vortices

z_{1}, d o t s, z_{N} i n O m e g a s u b s e t m a t h b b R^{2}

in a planar domain. This is described by a Hamiltonian system [ Gamma_kdot{z}_k(t)=J

abla_{z_k} H�ig(z(t)�ig),quad k=1,dots,N, ] where $G a m m a_{1}, d o t s, G a m m a_{N} i n m a t h b b R s e t m i n u s 0$ are the vorticities, $J i n m a t h b b R^{2 i m e s 2}$ is the standard symplectic $2 i m e s 2$ matrix, and the Hamiltonian $H$ is of $N$ -vortex type: [ H(z_1,dots,z_N) = -frac1{2pi}sum_{j

e k}^N Gamma_jGamma_klog|z_j-z_k| - sum_{j,k=1}^NGamma_jGamma_kg(z_j,z_k). ] Here

g : O m e g a i m e s O m e g a o m a t h b b R

is an arbitrary symmetric function of class

C^{2}

, e.g. the regular part of a hydrodynamic Green function. Given a nondegenerate critical point

a_{0} i n O m e g a

of

h (z) = g (z, z)

and a nondegenerate relative equilibrium

Z (t) i n m a t h b b R^{2 N}

of the Hamiltonian system in the plane with

g = 0

, we prove the existence of a smooth path of periodic solutions

,

0 < r < r_{0}

, with

z_{k}^{(r)} (t) o a_{0}

as

r o 0

. In the limit

r o 0

, and after a suitable rescaling, the solutions look like

Z (t)

.

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