Parity, circuits, and the polynomial-time hierarchy

From MaRDI portal
Publication:3318683

DOI10.1007/BF01744431zbMath0534.94008WikidataQ55967164 ScholiaQ55967164MaRDI QIDQ3318683

Merrick L. Furst, Michael Sipser, James B. Saxe

Publication date: 1984

Published in: Mathematical Systems Theory (Search for Journal in Brave)




Related Items

Bounded-width polynomial-size Boolean formulas compute exactly those functions in AC\(^ 0\)The expressive power of voting polynomialsRandom sequence generation by cellular automataUnbounded fan-in circuits and associative functions``During cannot be expressed by ``afterA simple function that requires exponential size read-once branching programsThe average sensitivity of bounded-depth circuitsA lower bound for depth-3 circuits with MOD \(m\) gatesIncompressible functions, relative-error extractors, and the power of nondeterministic reductionsPerceptrons, PP, and the polynomial hierarchyOn ACCRepresenting Boolean functions as polynomials modulo composite numbersCircuits constructed with MOD\(_ q\) gates cannot compute ``and in sublinear sizeLower bounds on the size of bounded depth circuits over a complete basis with logical additionOne-way functions and circuit complexityOn the language of primitive wordsCircuits in bounded arithmetic. ILimits on the power of concurrent-write parallel machinesParallel computation with threshold functionsCounting quantifiers, successor relations, and logarithmic spaceThe complexity of symmetric functions in bounded-depth circuitsSemigroups and languages of dot-depth twoBorel separability of the coanalytic Ramsey setsRelativized alternation and space-bounded computationCollapse of the hierarchy of constant-depth exact quantum circuitsOn the shrinkage exponent for read-once formulaeA tight relationship between generic oracles and type-2 complexity theoryDNF sparsification and a faster deterministic counting algorithmA satisfiability algorithm and average-case hardness for formulas over the full binary basisBounded-width polynomial-size branching programs recognize exactly those languages in \(NC^ 1\)With probability one, a random oracle separates PSPACE from the polynomial-time hierarchySimplified lower bounds for propositional proofsDyn-FO: A parallel, dynamic complexity classFinitely representable databasesPredicting nonlinear cellular automata quickly by decomposing them into linear onesAlgebraic methods and bounded formulasUpper and lower bounds for some depth-3 circuit classesOn the relative complexity of some languages in \(NC^ 1\)Inverse monoids of dot-depth twoLinear circuits, two-variable logic and weakly blocked monoidsFinite semigroup varieties defined by programsQueries with arithmetical constraintsThe isomorphism conjecture for constant depth reductionsQuery complexity, or why is it difficult to separate \(NP^ A\cap coNP^ A\) from \(P^ A\) by random oracles A?Lower bounds for constant-depth circuits in the presence of help bitsLower bounds for recognizing small cliques on CRCW PRAM'sLifting lower bounds for tree-like proofsIsomorphism testing of Boolean functions computable by constant-depth circuitsLower bounds against weakly-uniform threshold circuitsSome notes on threshold circuits, and multiplication in depth 4Rudimentary reductions revisitedOn the computational complexity of the Riemann mappingAn arithmetic model of computation equivalent to threshold circuitsLearning in parallelOn adaptive DLOGTIME and POLYLOGTIME reductionsOn input read-modes of alternating Turing machinesA note on the power of majority gates and modular gatesThe graph of multiplication is equivalent to countingA simple lower bound for monotone clique using a communication gameThe invariant problem for binary string structures and the parallel complexity theory of queriesRegular languages in \(NC\)Formulas, regular languages and Boolean circuitsThe complexity of computing symmetric functions using threshold circuitsProbabilistic polynomials, AC\(^ 0\) functions and the polynomial-time hierarchyLocal restrictions from the Furst-Saxe-Sipser paperThe communication complexity of addition\(NC^ 1\): The automata-theoretic viewpointOn the power of small-depth threshold circuitsThe quantifier structure of sentences that characterize nondeterministic time complexityStrong separations of the polynomial hierarchy with oracles: Constructive separations by immune and simple setsExponential lower bounds for the pigeonhole principleOn the correlation between parity and modular polynomialsEhrenfeucht-Fraïssé games in finite set theoryExtensions to Barrington's M-program modelOn read-once threshold formulae and their randomized decision tree complexityDescriptional and computational complexity of finite automata -- a surveyThe intractability of computing the Hamming distanceFirst-order logics: some characterizations and closure propertiesMean-payoff games and propositional proofsUniversal algebra and hardness results for constraint satisfaction problemsOn the power of interactionA constant-space sequential model of computation for first-order logicA lower bound for perceptrons and an oracle separation of the \(PP^{PH}\) hierarchyAttribute-efficient learning in query and mistake-bound modelsThreshold circuits of small majority-depthRelating polynomial time to constant depthReductions in circuit complexity: An isomorphism theorem and a gap theoremParallelizing quantum circuitsCircuits and expressions with nonassociative gatesResolution of Hartmanis' conjecture for NL-hard sparse setsPrograms over semigroups of dot-depth oneNon-uniform automata over groupsLarge parallel machines can be extremely slow for small problemsConstant-time Hough transform on the processor arrays with reconfigurable bus systemsOn the complexity of counting in the polynomial hierarchyOn the computational complexity of reachability in 2D binary images and some basic problems of 2D digital topologyFunctions with bounded symmetric communication complexity, programs over commutative monoids, and ACCA slight sharpening of LMNThe parallel complexity of two problems on concurrencyThe complexity of computing maximal word functionsAffine projections of symmetric polynomials.On the Fine Grained Complexity of Finite Automata Non-emptiness of Intersection\(n^{{\Omega{}}(\log{} n)}\) lower bounds on the size of depth-3 threshold circuits with AND gates at the bottomThe correlation between parity and quadratic polynomials mod \(3\)Specification and Verification of Multi-Agent SystemsImmunity and Simplicity for Exact Counting and Other Counting ClassesLearning DNF in time \(2^{\widetilde O(n^{1/3})}\)On Distinguishing NC $$^1$$ and NLLow-complexity weak pseudorandom functions in \(\mathtt{AC}0[\mathtt{MOD}2\)] ⋮ Approximating Boolean Functions with Depth-2 CircuitsCircuit lower bounds from learning-theoretic approachesA logical characterization of constant-depth circuits over the realsA note on some languages in uniform \(ACC^ 0\)Separating the low and high hierarchies by oraclesOn uniformity within \(NC^ 1\)Faster All-Pairs Shortest Paths via Circuit ComplexityFormulas versus Circuits for Small Distance ConnectivityNonuniform ACC Circuit Lower BoundsTop-down lower bounds for depth-three circuitsEvaluating spectral norms for constant depth circuits with symmetric gatesSome results on uniform arithmetic circuit complexityGeneral-Purpose Computation with Neural Networks: A Survey of Complexity Theoretic ResultsThe average sensitivity of bounded-depth formulasDesigning checkers for programs that run in parallelParallel complexity of algebraic operationsStructural properties for feasibly computable classes of type twoUniform proofs of ACC representationsA note on separating the relativized polynomial time hierarchy by immune setsPseudorandom generators and learning algorithms for \(\mathrm{AC}^ 0\)Skew circuits of small widthFour Soviets walk the dog: improved bounds for computing the Fréchet distanceOn deterministic approximation of DNFBounds in ontology-based data access via circuit complexityExtensions of an idea of McNaughtonA reduction of proof complexity to computational complexity for 𝐴𝐶⁰[𝑝 Frege systems] ⋮ Collapsing modular counting in bounded arithmetic and constant depth propositional proofsA Circuit Complexity Approach to TransductionsVisibly Counter Languages and the Structure of $$\mathrm {NC}^{1}$$Support set selection for abductive and default reasoningLower Bounds for Depth-4 Formulas Computing Iterated Matrix MultiplicationSome lower bounds in parameterized \(\mathrm{AC}^{0}\)Indistinguishability and First-Order LogicHow Do Read-Once Formulae Shrink?Unnamed ItemUnnamed ItemUnnamed ItemCircuit complexity of linear functions: gate elimination and feeble securityClassifying the computational complexity of problemsUnnamed ItemSome \(0/1\) polytopes need exponential size extended formulationsTowards optimal packed string matchingOn the correlation of symmetric functionsExponential lower bounds of complexity and step-by-step simulation circuitsUnnamed ItemA Characterisation of NL Using Membrane Systems without Charges and Dissolutiony= 2xVS.y= 3xA characterization of definability of second-order generalized quantifiers with applications to non-definabilityUP and the low and high hierarchies: A relativized separationA Quadratic Size-Hierarchy Theorem for Small-Depth Multilinear FormulasA second step toward the strong polynomial-time hierarchyBounded Independence Plus Noise Fools ProductsFirst-order rewritability of ontology-mediated queries in linear temporal logicLocality of Queries Definable in Invariant First-Order Logic with Arbitrary Built-in PredicatesTyped Monoids – An Eilenberg-Like Theorem for Non Regular LanguagesCOLLAPSING THE HIERARCHY OF PARALLEL COMPUTATIONAL MODELSUsing the renormalization group to classify Boolean functionsFeasibly constructive proofs of succinct weak circuit lower boundsFourier concentration from shrinkageString shuffle: circuits and graphsFirst-order expressibility of languages with neutral letters or: The Crane Beach conjectureThe robustness of LWPP and WPP, with an application to graph reconstructionThe complexity of ODDnADescriptional and Computational Complexity of Finite AutomataCryptographic hardness for learning intersections of halfspacesDefinability of Geometric Properties in Algebraically Closed FieldsAdiabatic graph-state quantum computationInvestigations Concerning the Structure of Complete SetsOn the correlation of symmetric functionsEhrenfeucht-Fraïssé Games on Random StructuresPrediction from partial information and hindsight, with application to circuit lower boundsFine-Grained CryptographyAverage-Case Lower Bounds and Satisfiability Algorithms for Small Threshold CircuitsEnumerative counting is hardA new theorem in threshold logic and its application to multioperand binary addersUnnamed ItemUnnamed ItemBounded-depth Frege complexity of Tseitin formulas for all graphsFrom Circuit Complexity to Faster All-Pairs Shortest PathsA new proof of Ajtai's completeness theorem for nonstandard finite structuresWitnessing functions in bounded arithmetic and search problemsTally NP sets and easy census functions.Counting modulo quantifiers on finite structuresLanguages defined with modular counting quantifiersCircuit and decision tree complexity of some number theoretic problemsPseudorandom Functions: Three Decades LaterWhich problems have strongly exponential complexity?Mining circuit lower bound proofs for meta-algorithmsRelativized worlds with an infinite hierarchyUpper bound for torus polynomialsHardness and optimality in QBF proof systems modulo NPNarrow Proofs May Be Maximally LongSublinear-Time Language Recognition and Decision by One-Dimensional Cellular AutomataParameterized Parallel Computing and First-Order LogicQuantified Derandomization: How to Find Water in the OceanApproximate Degree in Classical and Quantum ComputingStrong Average-Case Circuit Lower Bounds from Nontrivial DerandomizationNeural networks and complexity theoryThe complexity of graph connectivityParallel complexity of iterated morphisms and the arithmetic of small numbersTrans-dichotomous algorithms without multiplication — some upper and lower boundsOn the Size of Depth-Three Boolean Circuits for Computing Multilinear FunctionsLinear constraint query languages expressive power and complexityBorel complexity and Ramsey largeness of sets of oracles separating complexity classesDeciding FO-rewritability of Regular Languages and Ontology-Mediated Queries in Linear Temporal LogicA note on uniform circuit lower bounds for the counting hierarchy (extended abstract)Unnamed ItemSubstitution Principle and semidirect productsCommunication and information complexityCircuit complexity of regular languagesIteration on notation and unary functionsBlack-Box and Data-Driven ComputationA constant-space sequential model of computation for first-order logicCircuit complexity of regular languagesUnnamed ItemNatural proofsAn exact characterization of symmetric functions in \(qAC^{0}[2\)] ⋮ The descriptive complexity approach to LOGCFLUnnamed ItemOn the complexity of some problems on groups input as multiplication tablesThe Power of DiversityUnnamed ItemCircuit complexity and the expressive power of generalized first-order formulasFine-grained cryptography revisitedThe non-hardness of approximating circuit sizeSampling Lower Bounds: Boolean Average-Case and PermutationsOn algorithmic statistics for space-bounded algorithmsParity helps to compute majorityNear-optimal pseudorandom generators for constant-depth read-once formulasA super-quadratic lower bound for depth four arithmetic circuitsBounded-Depth Frege Complexity of Tseitin Formulas for All GraphsUnnamed ItemUnnamed ItemLower bounds for modular counting by circuits with modular gatesThe Power of Programs over Monoids in DADualities for Constraint Satisfaction ProblemsFirst-Order Rewritability and Complexity of Two-Dimensional Temporal Ontology-Mediated QueriesSublinear-Time Language Recognition and Decision by One-Dimensional Cellular Automata


Uses Software


Cites Work