Infinite-dimensional features of matrices and pseudospectra

DOI10.1016/J.JMAA.2016.09.064MaRDI QIDQ335405zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Avijit Pal, Dmitry V. Yakubovich

Publication date 2 November 2016

Published in Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1609.08325

zbMATH Keywords

normnilpotent matrixapproximation of spectraCowen-Douglas classfinite section methodnonnormal matricespseudospectraquasitriangular operator

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Eigenvalues, singular values, and eigenvectors (15A18) Norms of matrices, numerical range, applications of functional analysis to matrix theory (15A60) Spectrum, resolvent (47A10)

Abstract: Given a Hilbert space operator $T$, the level sets of function $Ps{i}_T(z)=|(T-z{)}^{-1}{|}^{-1}$ determine the so-called pseudospectra of $T$. We set $Ps{i}_T$ to be zero on the spectrum of $T$. After giving some elementary properties of $Ps{i}_T$ (which, as it seems, were not noticed before), we apply them to the study of the approximation. We prove that for any operator $T$, there is a sequence $T_n$ of finite matrices such that $Ps{i}_{T_n}(z)$ tends to $Ps{i}_T(z)$ uniformly on $C$. In this proof, quasitriangular operators play a special role. This is merely an existence result, we do not give a concrete construction of this sequence of matrices. One of our main points is to show how to use infinite-dimensional operator models in order to produce examples and counterexamples in the set of finite matrices of large order. In particular, we get a result, which means, in a sense, that the pseudospectrum of a nilpotent matrix can be anything one can imagine. We also study the norms of the multipliers in the context of Cowen--Douglas class operators. We use these results to show that, to the opposite to the function $Ps{i}_S$, the function $|sqrtS-z,|$ for certain finite matrices $S$ may oscillate arbitrarily fast even far away from the spectrum.

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Cited in

(4)

• A new inequality for the Hausdorff distance between spectra of two matrices
• Infinite Toeplitz and Laurent matrices with localized impurities
• A refined bound for the spectral variations of matrices
• Infinite-dimensional diagonalization and semisimplicity

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