The nonlinear Dirac equation in Bose-Einstein condensates. II: Relativistic soliton stability analysis

DOI10.1088/1367-2630/17/6/063034MaRDI QIDQ3387808zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors L. Haddad, Lincoln D. Carr

Publication date 13 January 2021

Published in New Journal of Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1402.3013

zbMATH Keywords

Dirac equationsolitonBose-Einstein condensate

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Soliton solutions (35C08) NLS equations (nonlinear Schrödinger equations) (35Q55) Statistical mechanics of superfluids (82D50)

Abstract: The nonlinear Dirac equation for Bose-Einstein condensates in honeycomb optical lattices gives rise to relativistic multi-component bright and dark soliton solutions. Using the relativistic linear stability equations, the relativistic generalization of the Boguliubov-de Gennes equations, we compute soliton lifetimes against quantum fluctuations and classify the different excitation types. For a Bose-Einstein condensate of ${}^{87}mathrmRb$ atoms, we find that our soliton solutions are stable on time scales relevant to experiments. Excitations in the bulk region far from the core of a soliton and bound states in the core are classified as either spin waves or as a Nambu-Goldstone mode. Thus, solitons are topologically distinct pseudospin-$1/2$ domain walls between polarized regions of $S_z=pm1/2$. Numerical analysis in the presence of a harmonic trap potential reveals a discrete spectrum reflecting the number of bright soliton peaks or dark soliton notches in the condensate background. For each quantized mode the chemical potential versus nonlinearity exhibits two distinct power law regimes corresponding to the free-particle (weakly nonlinear) and soliton (strongly nonlinear) limits.

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Cited in

(8)

• Nonlinear Dirac equation on graphs with localized nonlinearities: bound states and nonrelativistic limit
• Semiclassical solitons in strongly correlated systems of ultracold bosonic atoms in optical lattices
• The nonlinear Dirac equation in Bose–Einstein condensates: I. Relativistic solitons in armchair nanoribbon optical lattices
• The nonlinear Dirac equation in Bose-Einstein condensates: superfluid fluctuations and emergent theories from relativistic linear stability equations
• From Feshbach-resonance managed Bose-Einstein condensates to anisotropic universes: applications of the Ermakov-Pinney equation with time-dependent nonlinearity
• Analytical study of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation with an arbitrary linear time-dependent potential in quasi-one-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensates
• The nonlinear Dirac equation in Bose-Einstein condensates: foundation and symmetries
• Nonlinear amplitude equations and soliton excitations in Bose-Einstein condensates

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