Realizing PT-symmetric BEC subsystems in closed Hermitian systems

DOI10.1088/1751-8113/48/33/335302zbMATH Open1325.81088arXiv1503.01660OpenAlexW3122195703MaRDI QIDQ3448402FDOQ3448402

Authors: Robin Gutöhrlein, Jan Schnabel, Ibrokhim Iskandarov, Holger Cartarius, Jörg Main, Günter Wunner 

Publication date: 23 October 2015

Published in: Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: In open double-well Bose-Einstein condensate systems which balance in- and outfluxes of atoms and which are effectively described by a non-hermitian PT-symmetric Hamiltonian PT-symmetric states have been shown to exist. PT-symmetric states obey parity and time reversal symmetry. We tackle the question of how the in- and outfluxes can be realized and introduce a hermitian system in which two PT-symmetric subsystems are embedded. This system no longer requires an in- and outcoupling to and from the environment. We show that the subsystems still have PT-symmetric states. In addition we examine what degree of detail is necessary to correctly model the PT-symmetric properties and the bifurcation structure of such a system. We examine a four-mode matrix model and a system described by the full Gross-Pitaevskii equation in one dimension. We see that a simple matrix model correctly describes the qualitative properties of the system. For sufficiently isolated wells there is also quantitative agreement with the more advanced system descriptions. We also investigate which properties the wave functions of a system must fulfil to allow for PT-symmetric states. In particular the requirements for the phase difference between different parts of the system are examined.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1503.01660

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zbMATH Keywords

bifurcationsBose-Einstein condensatesmatrix models\(\mathcal{PT}\)-symmetry

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Bifurcations in context of PDEs (35B32) Nonselfadjoint operator theory in quantum theory including creation and destruction operators (81Q12) Finite-dimensional groups and algebras motivated by physics and their representations (81R05) Open systems, reduced dynamics, master equations, decoherence (81S22)

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• Using mixed many-body particle states to generate exact \(\mathcal{PT}\)-symmetry in a time-dependent four-well system
• Perpetual emulation threshold of \(\mathcal{PT}\)-symmetric Hamiltonians
• Stationary hypergeometric solitons and their stability in a Bose-Einstein condensate with \(\mathcal{PT}\)-symmetric potential
• A Bose-Einstein condensate in a \(\mathscr{PT}\) symmetric double well
• Stability and collisions of quantum droplets in \(\mathcal{PT}\)-symmetric dual-core couplers
• Josephson dynamics of superfluid Fermi gases in a double-well potential with dissipation or gain
• Scaling behavior and phase diagram of a \(\mathcal {PT}\)-symmetric non-Hermitian Bose-Hubbard system
• Stationary states of a \(PT\) symmetric two-mode Bose-Einstein condensate

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