Diffusivity in multiple scattering systems

DOI10.1090/TRAN/6325zbMATH Open1332.60134arXiv1302.4339OpenAlexW2166814575MaRDI QIDQ3448982FDOQ3448982

Hongkun Zhang, Timothy Chumley, Renato Feres

Publication date: 3 November 2015

Published in: Transactions of the American Mathematical Society (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We consider random flights of point particles inside $n$-dimensional channels of the form $mathbb{R}^{k}imesmathbb{B}^{n-k}$, where $mathbb{B}^{n-k}$ is a ball of radius $r$ in dimension $n-k$. The particle velocities immediately after each collision with the boundary of the channel comprise a Markov chain with a transition probabilities operator $P$ that is determined by a choice of (billiard-like) random mechanical model of the particle-surface interaction at the "microscopic" scale. Our central concern is the relationship between the scattering properties encoded in $P$ and the constant of diffusivity of a Brownian motion obtained by an appropriate limit of the random flight in the channel. Markov operators obtained in this way are {em natural} (definition below), which means, in particular, that (1) the (at the surface) Maxwell-Boltzmann velocity distribution with a given surface temperature, when the surface model contains moving parts, or (2) the so-called Knudsen cosine law, when this model is purely geometric, is the stationary distribution of $P$. We show by a suitable generalization of a central limit theorem of Kipnis and Varadhan how the diffusivity is expressed in terms of the spectrum of $P$ and compute, in the case of 2-dimensional channels, the exact values of the diffusivity for a class of parametric microscopic surface models of the above geometric type (2).

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1302.4339

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zbMATH Keywords

central limit theoremrandom flightreversible Markov chainweak invariance principlediffusivityquasi-compactnessexpected exit timegeneralized Maxwell-Smoluchowski modelmultiple scattering systemnatural collision operatorparticle-surface systemsurface microstructure

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Central limit and other weak theorems (60F05) Diffusion processes (60J60) Interacting random processes; statistical mechanics type models; percolation theory (60K35) Brownian motion (60J65) Functional limit theorems; invariance principles (60F17) Kinetic theory of gases in equilibrium statistical mechanics (82B40)

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Cited In (7)

• Knudsen Diffusivity in Random Billiards: Spectrum, Geometry, and Computation
• Slow convergence in generalized central limit theorems
• Diffusion and escape from polygonal channels: extreme values and geometric effects
• Scattering Methods in Complex Fluids
• Scattering of traveling spots in dissipative systems
• Knudsen gas in flat tire
• Fermi acceleration in rotating drums

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