Fermat equation and inert primes

Abstract: Let

K

be a number field and

p

a prime number

g e q 5

. Let us denote by

m u_{p}

the group of the

p

th roots of unity. We define

p

to be

K

-regular if

p

does not divide the class number of the field

K (m u_{p})

. Under the assumption that

p

is

K

-regular and inert in

K

, we establish the second case of Fermat's Last Theorem over

K

for the exponent

p

. We use in the proof classical arguments, as well as Faltings' theorem stating that a curve of genus at least two over

K

has a finite number of

K

-rational points. Moreover, if

K

is an imaginary quadratic field, other than

, we deduce a statement which allows often in practice to prove Fermat's Last Theorem over

K

for the

K

-regular exponents.

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