Concentration estimates for Emden-Fowler equations with boundary singularities and critical growth

DOI10.1155/IMRP/2006/21867MaRDI QIDQ3517397zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Nassif Ghoussoub, Frédéric Robert

Publication date 12 August 2008

Published in International Mathematics Research Papers (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0503276

zbMATH Keywords

singularityconcentrationHardy-Sobolev inequalityDirichlet boundary value problemEmden-Fowler equation

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Asymptotic behavior of solutions to PDEs (35B40) Critical exponents in context of PDEs (35B33) Nonlinear boundary value problems for linear elliptic equations (35J65) Sobolev spaces and other spaces of ``smooth functions, embedding theorems, trace theorems (46E35) Analyticity in context of PDEs (35A20)

Abstract: We establish -among other things- existence and multiplicity of solutions for the Dirichlet problem $su{m}_{i}partia{l}_{ii}u+frac|u{|}^{crit-2}u|x{|}^s=0$ on smooth bounded domains $Omega$ of $n$ ($ngeq3$) involving the critical Hardy-Sobolev exponent $crit=frac2(n-s)n-2$ where $0<s<2$, and in the case where zero (the point of singularity) is on the boundary $partialOmega$. Just as in the Yamabe-type non-singular framework (i.e., when s=0), there is no nontrivial solution under global convexity assumption (e.g., when $Omega$ is star-shaped around 0). However, in contrast to the non-satisfactory situation of the non-singular case, we show the existence of an infinite number of solutions under an assumption of local strict concavity of $partialOmega$ at 0 in at least one direction. More precisely, we need the principal curvatures of $partialOmega$ at 0 to be non-positive but not all vanishing. We also show that the best constant in the Hardy-Sobolev inequality is attained as long as the mean curvature of $partialOmega$ at 0 is negative, extending the results of [21] and completing our result of [22] to include dimension 3. The key ingredients in our proof are refined concentration estimates which yield compactness for certain Palais-Smale sequences which do not hold in the non-singular case.

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