CRITICAL PERCOLATION OF FREE PRODUCT OF GROUPS

DOI10.1142/S0218196708004524zbMATH Open1179.20028arXivmath/0611668MaRDI QIDQ3519802FDOQ3519802

Authors: Iva Kozakova 

Publication date: 19 August 2008

Published in: International Journal of Algebra and Computation (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: In this article we study percolation on the Cayley graph of a free product of groups. The critical probability $p_c$ of a free product $G_1*G_2*\mathrm{...}*G_n$ of groups is found as a solution of an equation involving only the expected subcritical cluster size of factor groups $G_1,G_2,\mathrm{...},G_n$. For finite groups these equations are polynomial and can be explicitly written down. The expected subcritical cluster size of the free product is also found in terms of the subcritical cluster sizes of the factors. In particular, we prove that $p_c$ for the Cayley graph of the modular group $hbox{PSL}_2(mathbbZ)$ (with the standard generators) is $\mathrm{.5199...}$, the unique root of the polynomial $2p^5-6p^4+2p^3+4p^2-1$ in the interval $(0,1)$. In the case when groups $G_i$ can be "well approximated" by a sequence of quotient groups, we show that the critical probabilities of the free product of these approximations converge to the critical probability of $G_1*G_2*\mathrm{...}*G_n$ and the speed of convergence is exponential. Thus for residually finite groups, for example, one can restrict oneself to the case when each free factor is finite. We show that the critical point, introduced by Schonmann, $p_{mathrmexp}$ of the free product is just the minimum of $p_{mathrmexp}$ for the factors.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0611668

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zbMATH Keywords

Cayley graphscritical percolationfree products of groupscluster sizes

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Random graphs (graph-theoretic aspects) (05C80) Interacting random processes; statistical mechanics type models; percolation theory (60K35) Free products of groups, free products with amalgamation, Higman-Neumann-Neumann extensions, and generalizations (20E06) Generators, relations, and presentations of groups (20F05) Percolation (82B43) Probabilistic methods in group theory (20P05)

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Cited In (4)

• Counting self-avoiding walks on free products of graphs
• Critical percolation of virtually free groups and other tree-like graphs
• Fixed price of groups and percolation
• Arm exponents in high dimensional percolation

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