Periodic solutions to singular second-order differential equations: the repulsive case
Singular nonlinear boundary value problems for ordinary differential equations (34B16) Positive solutions to nonlinear boundary value problems for ordinary differential equations (34B18) Periodic solutions to ordinary differential equations (34C25) Applications of operator theory to differential and integral equations (47N20)
The paper deals with the ordinary second-order differential equation on the interval \([0,\omega]\subset\mathbb R\) NEWLINE\[NEWLINE u(t)+f(u(t))u'(t)+g(u(t))=h(t,u(t)) \leqno(1) NEWLINE\]NEWLINE subject to the periodic conditions NEWLINE\[NEWLINE u(0)=u(\omega),\quad u'(0)=u'(\omega). \leqno (2) NEWLINE\]NEWLINE The authors assume that \(f\) and \(g\) are continuous on \((0,\infty)\) and may have singularities at 0, and that \(h\) satisfies the Carathéodory conditions on \([0,\omega]\times [0,\infty)\). The paper is devoted to the case that \(g\) has the repulsive singularity, that is \(\lim_{x\to 0+}g(x)=-\infty\).NEWLINENEWLINEAs a model of equation (1) they consider the special case NEWLINE\[NEWLINE u(t)+f(u(t))u'(t)+\frac{g_1}{u^\nu(t)} - \frac{g_2}{u^\gamma(t)}=h_0(t,u^\delta(t)), NEWLINE\]NEWLINE where \(\nu, \gamma \in (0,\infty)\), \(g_1,g_2,\delta \in [0,\infty)\), \(h_0\in L[0,\omega]\) and \(f\in C(0,\infty)\). The case of the repulsive singularity means here that \(\gamma>\nu\) or \(\gamma=\nu\) and \(g_1<g_2\).NEWLINENEWLINEThe main result (Th. 2.1) contains sufficient conditions for the existence of at least one positive solution to problem (1) and (2). The proof is based on a fixed point formulation of the problem, some a priori estimates and the Schaefer fixed point theorem. The main result is applied to the Rayleigh-Plesset equation.
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