C-essential surfaces in (3-manifold, graph) pairs

DOI10.4310/CAG.2013.V21.N2.A2MaRDI QIDQ357215zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Scott A. Taylor, Maggy Tomova

Publication date 30 July 2013

Published in Communications in Analysis and Geometry (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/0910.3251

zbMATH Keywords

bridge surfacec-essentialHeegaard surfacethin position

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Abstract: Let $T$ be a graph in a compact, orientable 3--manifold $M$ and let $Gamma$ be a subgraph. $T$ can be placed in bridge position with respect to a Heegaard surface $H$. We show that if $H$ is what we call $(T,Gamma)$-c-weakly reducible in the complement of $T$ then either a "degenerate" situation occurs or $H$ can be untelescoped and consolidated into a collection of "thick surfaces" and "thin surfaces". The thin surfaces are c-essential (c-incompressible and essential) in the graph exterior and each thick surface is a strongly irreducible bridge surface in the complement of the thin surfaces. This strengthens and extends previous results of Hayashi-Shimokawa and Tomova to graphs in 3-manifolds that may have non-empty boundary.

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