scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1187262
The first part of this extensive article on the principle of triality gives a detailed description of the various disguises in which the principle can be found in the literature. In every case, the most distinguishing feature of the presentation is high-lighted. Starting with Cartan -- Study is mentioned here, but no results due to him are given -- the triality principle is connected with root systems of the classical and exceptional Lie algebras. The algebraic principle of triality according to Cayley-Dickson is shown, as the ideas of van der Blij-Springer. The reciprocal or inverse principle of triality due to Postnikov and the retransmission structure of Hasiewicz-Kwasniewski is described. Isomorphism theorems of Tits \(\text{spin} (8)/G_2\cong S_7\times S_7\), Porteous \(U(4)/S^0\cong(U(1)\times SO(6))/S^0\) and Satake \(\text{spin}(6,2)\cong SO(8)/Z_2\) are connected to triality. A long section, treating Chevalley's approach to the topic, discusses Jordan structures and the standard form of the principle of triality as some related points. The second and genuine part uses Clifford algebras and semi spinor spaces as a natural tool appropriate in this framework. A weak triality principle is stated on pseudo euclidean spaces \(E_{r,s}\) where \(r+s=m=2k\), \(r-s\equiv 0\) or \(4\bmod 8\). A natural isomorphism between the projective group \(P\Gamma O(Q)\) of \(\sigma\)-semi similarities of a quadratic regular standard space \((E,Q)\) over \(\mathbb{R}\) or \(\mathbb{C}\) and the group of \(\sigma\)-semi automorphisms of \(C^+(E,Q)\) leaving the bi-vector space \(C_2(E,Q)\) invariant is obtained. This leads to a second version of the weak triality principle for even standard spaces \(E_{r,s}\), \(m=r+s=2k\) in terms of similarities inside the Clifford algebra \(C(E,Q)\) with its infinitesimal form. The excellent paper rich of results suffers unfortunately from various missprints in the bibliography.
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