A theta expression of the Hilbert modular functions for 5 via the periods of K3 surfaces

DOI10.1215/21562261-2366102MaRDI QIDQ394149zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Atsuhira Nagano

Publication date 24 January 2014

Published in Kyoto Journal of Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1604.03149

zbMATH Keywords

Hilbert modular function for \(\sqrt{5}\)period differential equationsperiods of \(K3\) surfacestheta constants

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Siegel modular groups; Siegel and Hilbert-Siegel modular and automorphic forms (11F46) (K3) surfaces and Enriques surfaces (14J28) Classical hypergeometric functions, ({}_2F_1) (33C05)

Abstract: In this paper, we give an extension of the classical story of the elliptic modular function to the Hilbert modular case for $mathbbQ(sqrt5)$. We construct the period mapping for a family $mathcalF=S(X,Y)$ of $K3$ surfaces with $2$ complex parameters $X$ and $Y$. The inverse correspondence of the period mapping gives a system of generators of Hilbert modular functions for $mathbbQ(sqrt5)$. Moreover, we show an explicit expression of this inverse correspondence by theta constants.

Review text

It is well-known that the elliptic modular function \(\lambda(z)\) on the moduli space \({\mathbb{H}}/\Gamma(2)\) is given by the the inverse of the period map for a family of elliptic curves (in the Legendre form). The modular function \(\lambda(z)\) has an explicit expression in terms of the Jacobi theta functions.NEWLINENEWLINEIn this paper, the above classical facts are generalized to the Hilbert modular functions for \({\mathbb{Q}}(\sqrt{5})\) by using a family of \(K3\) surfaces. The family \({\mathcal{F}}:=\{S(X,Y)\}\) of \(K3\) surfaces with two complex parameters \(X\) and \(Y\) used for this purpose is given by an affine equation in \((x,y,z)\)-space: NEWLINE\[NEWLINES(X,Y): z^2=x^3-4y^2(4y-5)x^2+20Xy^3x+Yy^4.NEWLINE\]NEWLINE It is shown that the inverse of the period map for this family of \(K3\) surfaces gives a system of generators of Hilbert modular functions for \({\mathbb{Q}}(\sqrt{5})\). Moreover, the two parameters \(X\) and \(Y\) may be regarded as Hilbert modular functions for \({\mathbb{Q}}(\sqrt{5})\), and it is shown that they can be expressed as quotients of theta constants (i.e., Müller's modular forms).

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Cites work

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Cited in

(7)

• Icosahedral invariants and a construction of class fields via periods of \(K3\) surfaces
• Inverse period mappings of \(K3\) surfaces and a construction of modular forms for a lattice with the Kneser conditions
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 4004359 (Why is no real title available?)
• A theta expression of the Hilbert modular functions for \(\sqrt{5}\) via the periods of \(K3\) surfaces
• Geometric interpretation of Hermitian modular forms via Burkhardt invariants
• Sequence of families of lattice polarized \(K3\) surfaces, modular forms and degrees of complex reflection groups
• Monodromy of Picard-Fuchs system for a family of K3 toric hypersurfaces and fixed points of the Hilbert modular group for \(\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{2})\)

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