scientific article; zbMATH DE number 16872

[For the entire collection see Zbl 0722.00022.] The authors prove the following result: Let \(L=(a_{ij})^{\infty}_{ij=-\infty}\) be an infinite matrix, where the entries \(a_{ij}\) are \(r\times r\) complex matrices with \(\sup_{ij}\| a_{ij}\|\leq\infty\), and such that \(a_{ij}=0\) whenever \(i>j+m_ 1\) or \(i<j-m_ 2\) (\(m_ 1\) and \(m_ 2\) are two nonnegative integers, not both zero). Then \(L\) defines an invertible operator in \(\ell^ 2_ r(Z)\) if and only if the system \(B_{n+1}x_{n+1}=A_ nx_ n\) (\(n=0,\pm 1,\dots\)), where \(A_ n\) and \(B_ n\) (\(n=0,\pm 1,\dots\)) are \(m_ 1+m_ 2\) block matrices given by \[ A_ n=\begin{pmatrix} I_ r & 0 & \ldots & 0 & 0\\ 0 & I_ r & \ldots & 0 & 0\\ \cdot & \cdot & \cdot &\cdot & \cdot\\ 0 & 0 & \ldots & I_ r & 0\\ 0 & 0 & \ldots & 0 & a_{n+m_ 1,n}\end{pmatrix};\quad B_ n=\begin{pmatrix} 0 & \ldots & 0 & a_{n-m_ 2,n}\\ I_ r & \ldots & 0 & a_{n-m_ 2+1,n}\\ \cdot & \cdot & \cdot & \cdot\\ 0 & \ldots & 0 & a_{n+m_ 1- 2,n}\\ 0 & \ldots & -I_ r & a_{n+m_ 1-1,n}\end{pmatrix}, \] admits a dichotomy \((P_ n)^{\infty}_{n=-\infty}\) with the following additional property \[ \sup_ n\|(B_{n+1| Im P_{n+1}}A_{n| Ker P_ n})^{-1}\|<\infty. \] Moreover, if \(L\) is invertible, then \(G=(a_{ij})^{\infty}_{i,j=0}\) defines a Fredholm operator in \(\ell^ 2_ r\), and \( \text{index} G=p-m_ 1r\), where \(p\) is the rank of the dichotomy (Theorem 1.1). It is proved that the dichotomy is unique. As an application the case of regular band matrices is investigated as well as Fredholm band operators (band operators that admit invertible band extensions).

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