scientific article; zbMATH DE number 19694

[For the entire collection see Zbl 0733.00008.] We deal with two kinds of special identities: normal and regular. We point out fundamental properties of the closure operator of these identities. Also in \S 2 we show that the lattice of all subvarieties of the variety defined by all normal identities of a given variety \(V\) (called the normal part of a variety \(V\)) is isomorphic to the direct product of the lattice \(L(V)\) and a two-element chain. This result (Theorem 3) is a strengthening of a result of Mel'nik. Our Theorem 4 describes a method of proving all hyperidentities of a given solid variety \(V\) (i.e. such that each of its identities is satisfied in it as a hyperidentity), starting from any hyperidentity of \(V\) which is not normal and the set of all normal hyperidentities of \(V\). Theorem 5 states that the word problem for free algebras of the variety defined by all normal identities of \(V\) is solvable iff it is solvable for \(V\), which is due to a property of regular identities. This gives rise to the equivalence of solvability of the word problem for free algebras of a solid variety \(V\) and the variety defined by all normal hyperidentities of \(V\) (Theorem 6). Theorems in \S 4 collect results on the existence of a finite basis for normal and regular part of a given, finitely presented variety \(V\) and of the finite basis property as well, strengthening a result of Lakser, Padmanabhan and Platt. In \S 5 we consider connections between identities and hyperidentities. In \S 7 some connections between the operators E, H, N and R are under consideration. In the last section we describe some problems from unification theory in terms of regular and normal identities.

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