scientific article; zbMATH DE number 107907

Authors

Publication date 23 January 1993

Pier begins from Daniel Bernoulli, Euler, d'Alembert and Lagrange, then Fourier and his colleague Dirichlet (after 1822, probably 1823/4 to the end of 1826, corresponded to 1828), and in this matter Dirichlet's pupil Riemann. Convergence and uniqueness were studied by Paul du Bois-Reymond, Cantor, Lebesgue, Plancherel, Wiener. Topology and group theory came from Pontryagin, Weil, Haar, followed by work on the spectrum by Godement, Beurling, Malliavin, Weyl and Peter, Wigner, Gelfand and Raikov. Article is easy to read, the mathematics intelligible, with 22 references. Mackey's article is quite long and dense, on infinite-dimensional cases of harmonic analysis. References are in the survey article in the Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society of 1950. Mackey covers Peter, Weyl and quantum mechanics; Haar measure, Weil on integration on groups, Pontryagin duality and commutative Banach algebras; the Second World War, period of confusion; systematic treatment after the war, Gelfand, Neumark, Bargmann, Harish-Chandra, Segal, Godement, von Neumann, Mautner, Mackey. Malliavin begins with Elie Cartan, de Rham, Leray and Chevalley, and goes on to show the central part played by the Haar measure theorem of 1933 to the structure of classical groups, the compact Lie groups by von Neumann as well as his work on almost periodic functions on groups, Weil's work on continuous functions on these groups, Feldman on Hilbert spaces, Gleason and locally compact groups, Mackey and quasi-invariant measures. There are 10 references. Körner begins with the convergence of Fourier series and their uniqueness with the work of Dirichlet and his student Riemann and goes on to Cantor, and defines sets of uniqueness as the exceptional sets which when removed from a period of the Fourier series imply that on this reduced set in a certain sense a zero Fourier implies zero coefficients. The contribution of Lebesgue's sets of measure zero, of Mensov's set of measure zero which was not a set of uniqueness, then Rajchman and Bari on noncountable closed and unclosed sets of uniqueness, unions of such closed sets, \(H\)-sets, Pisot numbers, Rudin's counterexample, sets of multiplicity, Helson sets, the work of Kaufman and the impossibility of classifying sets of uniqueness. Article ends with illuminating remarks on history and mathematics, and 27 references. Kahane covers Norbert Wiener's work on abstract harmonic analysis, the influences on his work, and the influence of his work on others; general harmonic analysis, Fourier integrals, Fourier transforms, the spectrum and its interpretation of it as an energy, various measures connected with these, as well as translations and convolutions. Kahane is of the opinion that modern harmonic analysis is essentially harmonic analysis as envisaged by Wiener, Kahane illustrates Wiener's influence on Loomis, Rudin, Helson, Kahane, Salem, and others and gives the further work of Lévy, Schwartz, Malliavin, Körner, Katznelson, Malgrange, Gelfand. The article is very readable, the mathematics is advanced presently in an understandable fashion.

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