scientific article; zbMATH DE number 124857
[For the entire collection see Zbl 0745.00063.] From the introduction: ``Speaking of Bell type problems, we mean model- independent (i.e., independent of the specific mathematical model describing the given physical objects) problems of relativistic quantum measurement theory. The significance of such problems and even the fact of their existence was discovered by J. Bell. They are generally little known to mathematicians. From the mathematical point of view, the question is to describe and to draw a distinction between some convex sets of positive mappings in algebras with involution. Markov matrices describing transitions compatible with the chronological structure are known as ``behaviours. Bell's inequality shows that the sets of all behaviours for commutative (the classical case) and noncommutative algebras do not coincide. Thus, in principle, it is possible to verify whether our world is a classical or a quantum one. A natural question in this context was once posed by the first author: can any behaviour be expressed in the framework of quantum theory? A negative answer was given by the second author, who has obtained quantum counterparts to Bell's inequalities. One more question: how can one describe all the behaviours in a common algebraic scheme, and what conditions distinguish between classical and quantum behaviours in this situation? The answer will be given in this article.
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