scientific article; zbMATH DE number 148960
Let \({\mathfrak g}\) be a finite-dimensional complex nilpotent Lie algebra, \({\mathfrak D}=\text{Der}({\mathfrak g})\) its derivation Lie algebra and \({\mathfrak T}\) be a maximal torus of \({\mathfrak g}\). By Kostant's theorem for any finite-dimensional complex semisimple Lie algebra \(L\) and any simple \(L\)- module \(V^ \lambda\) with weight \(\lambda\) the representation of the Cartan subalgebra \({\mathfrak h}\) of \(L\) in the cohomology \(H({\mathfrak n},V^ \lambda)\), where \({\mathfrak n}\) is the nilradical of the Borel subalgebra, splits into 1-dimensional eigenspaces. Natural questions about weights on the cohomology of nilpotent Lie algebras adding to this result and yielding in the classification are considered. It is known that for \(n\leq 6\) there is only a finite number of \(n\)-dimensional nilpotent Lie algebras and the correspondence between the class of weight systems and nilpotent Lie algebras is 1:1, but this is no longer true for \(n\geq 7\). Calculations of cohomologies of 7-dimensional indecomposable nilpotent Lie algebras in trivial and adjoint modules show that trivial cohomology does not refine the classification by weights on the algebra itself, but adjoint cohomology does it and separates the algebras. In this paper it is shown that weights of the derivation algebra \({\mathfrak D}\) permit an explicit description of the Chevalley decomposition of \({\mathfrak D}\) for \({\mathfrak g}\) of maximal rank. These weights are also used in the classification problem which amounts to separating nonisomorphic semi-direct products \(\widetilde {\mathfrak g}_ \delta=\mathbb{C} \delta\oplus {\mathfrak g}\), where \(\delta\in {\mathfrak D}= Z^ 1({\mathfrak g},{\mathfrak g})\) is nilpotent. Computing the dimension of the subtorus \({\mathfrak T}_ 0(\delta)\in{\mathfrak T}\) which can be extended to a torus of \(\widetilde{\mathfrak g}_ \delta\) requires the decomposition of \(\delta\) on weight spaces.
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